Volume 328
Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems
Series Editor
Janusz Kacprzyk
Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
Advisory Editors
Fernando Gomide
Department of Computer Engineering and AutomationDCA, School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFEEC, University of CampinasUNICAMP, So Paulo, Brazil
Okyay Kaynak
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
Derong Liu
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Witold Pedrycz
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada, Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
Marios M. Polycarpou
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, KIOS Research Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
Imre J. Rudas
buda University, Budapest, Hungary
Jun Wang
Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
The series Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems publishes the latest developments in Networks and Systemsquickly, informally and with high quality. Original research reported in proceedings and post-proceedings represents the core of LNNS.
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Editors
Anna Hadamus , Szczepan Piszczatowski , Magorzata Syczewska and Michalina Bakiewicz
Biomechanics in Medicine, Sport and Biology
1st ed. 2022
Logo of the publisher
Editors
Anna Hadamus
Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Szczepan Piszczatowski
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Biaystok, Poland
Magorzata Syczewska
Department of Rehabilitation, The Childrens Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
Michalina Bakiewicz
Department of Rehabilitiation, Jzef Pisudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland
ISSN 2367-3370 e-ISSN 2367-3389
Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems
ISBN 978-3-030-86296-1 e-ISBN 978-3-030-86297-8
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86297-8
The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
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Preface
This book contains 14 chapters which are full papers of selected presentations from the International Conference of Polish Society of Biomechanics (BIOMECHANICS 2020). This conference takes place in 2021, as the global pandemic outburst of SARS-COV-2 in December 2019 made the (planned) organization of the conference in September 2020 impossible. One year later, in September 2021, the traditional meeting in conference halls, face-to-face with invited lecturers, colleagues from various institutions and countries, representatives of commercial partners, is still impossible. Therefore, the meeting is in an online format. Of course, this is not a perfect solution, but the best we can offer. Long breaks in meetings and conferences are not beneficial for the scientific community, as the interchange of ideas, discussions, and critical comments push the research work forward. That was the reason behind the decision to organize the meeting this year now in the new virtual world.
The restrictions related to SARS-COV-2 have influenced and continue to affect daily life but also the research. In many institutions, experimental research had to be suspended due to the closure of laboratories. It was not possible to invite subjects and patients to participate in research projects. In many universities, distance learning took teachers/researchers longer time than traditional learning. The researcher therefore had less time for scientific development. In some places, a big problem is the lack of funding due to pandemic time. Despite all these problems, the organizing committee of BIOMECHANICS 2020 received many interesting abstracts from various fields of biomechanics: sports biomechanics, clinical movement analysis, biomaterials, bioengineering, and many others. This book offers 14 full-length papers from different parts of modern biomechanics, which we hope can be of interest not only for the scientists but also for the students. We hope that the book will inspire you for further research.