Chris Cook - The Routledge Companion to Britain in the Nineteenth Century, 1815-1914

The Routledge Companion to Britain in the Nineteenth Century, 18151914 is an accessible and indispensable compendium of essential information on the Victorian era. Arranged in four key sections political; social and religious; economic; and foreign affairs, defence and empire this clear and concise book provides a comprehensive guide to modern British history from the end of the Napoleonic Wars to the outbreak of the First World War. Using chronologies, maps, glossaries, an extensive bibliography, a wealth of statistical information and nearly two hundred biographies of key figures, this book is an ideal reference resource for students and teachers alike.

As well as the key areas of political, economic and social developments of the era, this book also covers the increasingly emergent themes of sexuality, leisure, gender and the environment, exploring in detail the following aspects of the nineteenth century.

Chris Cook was Head of the Modern Archives Unit at the London School of Economics and is co-author (with John Stevenson) of The Routledge Companion toEuropean History since 1763 and The Routledge Companion to World History since1914. A Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, he is also co-author of EuropeanPolitical Facts of the Twentieth Century and editor of the best-selling PearsCyclopaedia.

Routledge Companions to History offer perfect reference guides to key historical events and eras, providing everything that the student or general reader needs to know. These comprehensive guides include essential apparatus for navigating through specific topics in a clear and straightforward manner including introductory articles, biographies and chronologies to provide accessible and indispensable surveys crammed with vital information valuable for beginner and expert alike.

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First published 2005
by Routledge
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Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
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This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005.

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Previously published 1999 by Pearson Education Ltd as The LongmanCompanion to Britain in the Nineteenth Century, 18151914

2005 Chris Cook

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Cook, Chris, 1945
The Routledge companion to Britain in the nineteenth century,
18151914 / Chris Cook.
p. cm. (Routledge companions to history)
Rev. ed. of: The Longman companion to Britain in the nineteenth
century, 18151914. 1999.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Great BritainHistory19th centuryHandbooks, manuals, etc.
2. Great BritainHistoryEdward VII, 19011910Handbooks, manuals, etc.
I. Title: Companion to Britain in the nineteenth century, 18151914.
II. Cook, Chris, 1945 Longman companion to Britain in the nineteenth
century, 18151914. III. Title. IV. Series.
DA530.C8 2005
941.081dc22 2005016679

ISBN 0-415-35969-4 (hbk)
ISBN 0-415-35970-8 (pbk)

This new Routledge Companion has attempted to provide a convenient and accessible reference work for both students and teachers of British history from 1815 to 1914, years which constitute one of the most intensely studied periods of recent history. This Companion (the successor to the former Longman Companion to this period) is naturally a much condensed work, bringing together a wealth of chronological, statistical and tabular information which is not easily found elsewhere within the confines of a single volume. This book covers not only a wide range of political, diplomatic and imperial events, but also the broader fields of social and economic history. Such topics as poverty and illiteracy, housing conditions, the regulation of sexuality and the development of leisure are to be found alongside parliamentary reform, elections and the rise of political parties. This Companion has thus been designed as a user-friendly, desk-top handbook for use by teachers as well as by sixth-formers and college and university students. No book of this type can be entirely comprehensive. Rather, the intention has been to include those relevant facts, figures and statistics most needed for courses covering this period.

As always, I am indebted to many individuals for their guidance in the preparation of this volume. In particular, I must thank John Stevenson for his assistance in the bibliography, Linda Hollingworth for her labours keying in the manuscript and James Robinson for his constant help.

The publishers would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce copyright material:

Cambridge University Press for tables from Abstract of British Historical Statistics (pp. 67, pp. 4713 and pp. 4879) by B.R. Mitchell and P. Deane, 1962, and tables from