John F. Padgett - The Emergence of Organizations and Markets

The Emergence of
Organizations and Markets

The Emergence of
Organizations and Markets

John F. Padgett and Walter W. Powell

Copyright 2012 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press,

41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540

In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press,

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press.princeton.edu

The cover displays a cross-section of fossilized stromatolites. These were bacterial colonies formed not long after the earth cooled. Stromatolites are arguably the earliest physical record we have of the origins of life. Composite of photos by Paul Carrara/National Park Service and Walter W. Powell.

All Rights Reserved

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

The emergence of organizations and markets / edited by
John F. Padgett and Walter W. Powell.

p. cm.

Includes index.

ISBN 978-0-691-14867-0 (hbk.)

ISBN 978-0-691-14887-8 (pbk.)

1. Organizational sociology. 2. Organization. 3. Industrial organization (Economic theory)

I. Padgett, John Frederick. II. Powell, Walter W.

HM786.E44 2012

302.3'5dc23 2012004342

British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available

This book has been composed in Sabon and Din

Printed on acid-free paper.

Printed in the United States of America

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Contents

JOHN F. PADGETT AND WALTER W. POWELL

JOHN F. PADGETT

JOHN F. PADGETT, PETER MCMAHAN, AND XING ZHONG

JOHN F. PADGETT

JOHN F. PADGETT

JOHN F. PADGETT

JOHN F. PADGETT

JONATHAN OBERT AND JOHN F. PADGETT

JOHN F. PADGETT

ANDREW SPICER

VALERY YAKUBOVICH AND STANISLAV SHEKSHNIA

DAVID STARK AND BALZS VEDRES

WALTER W. POWELL AND KURT SANDHOLTZ

WALTER W. POWELL, KELLEY PACKALEN, AND KJERSTEN WHITTINGTON

WALTER W. POWELL AND JASON OWEN-SMITH

JEANNETTE A. COLYVAS AND SPIRO MAROULIS

LEE FLEMING, LYRA COLFER, ALEXANDRA MARIN, AND JONATHAN MCPHIE

FABRIZIO FERRARO AND SIOBHN OMAHONY

WALTER W. POWELL AND JOHN F. PADGETT

Contributors

John F. Padgett is a social scientist at the University of Chicago, with a primary appointment in the Department of Political Science and courtesy appointments in the Departments of Sociology and History. He is also a visiting professor in the Faculty of Economics and Management at the Universit di Trento in Italy. He was an external faculty member at the Santa Fe Institute from 1996 to 1999 and from 2005 to 2009 and a research professor there from 2000 to 2004.

Walter W. Powell is a sociologist at Stanford University, with a primary appointment in the School of Education and courtesy appointments in the Schools of Business and Engineering, and in Sociology, Communication, and Public Policy. He is co-director of Stanfords Center on Philanthropy and Civil Society. He has been an external faculty member at the Santa Fe Institute since 2001.

Peter McMahan is a Ph.D. student in the sociology department at the University of Chicago. His research interests center on microsociological foundations of group processes, with a focus on mathematical and statistical modeling.

Xing Zhong is a research fellow at Duke University, having received her Ph.D. from the sociology department at the University of Chicago in 2009. Her research interests include the emergence and evolution of networks, the social contexts and processes of technological innovation, and the development of organizational capabilities in emerging markets.

Jonathan Obert is a Ph.D. student in the political science department at the University of Chicago. His research interests include American political development and the creation of police and internal security forces, as well as processes of state formation more generally.

Andrew Spicer is an associate professor of international business at the Moore School of Business at the University of South Carolina. His research has examined privatization policies and outcomes in post-communist countries; the role of Western ideas and international organizations in shaping market reform policies; and the effects of national context and national identity on managers ethical evaluations in international business settings.

Valery Yakubovich is an associate professor of management at the ESSEC Business School in France. He received his Ph.D. in sociology from Stanford University and, prior to joining ESSEC, taught at Chicago Booth and the Wharton School. His current projects explore organizational innovations in virtual firms and regional high-tech clusters, the interplay between formal hierarchies and social networks in large Russian firms, and the co-production of knowledge and social relations in organizations.

Stanislav Shekshnia is an affiliate professor of entrepreneurship at INSEAD and a senior partner at Ward Howell/Zest Leadership talent equity. His research concentrates on leadership, leadership development, and effective governance in emerging markets and organizations.

David Stark is the Arthur Lehman Professor of Sociology and International Affairs at Columbia University where he directs the Center on Organizational Innovation. His recent book, The Sense of Dissonance: Accounts of Worth in Economic Life (Princeton University Press, 2009), uses ethnographic methods to study the organizational structures that contribute to reflexivity. With Balzs Vedres, he coauthored Structural Folds: Generative Disruption in Overlapping Groups (American Journal of Sociology, 2010). Their current research on the historical network properties of creative teams is supported by the National Science Foundation.

Balzs Vedres is an associate professor of sociology at the Central European University in Budapest. His research furthers the agenda of understanding historical dynamics in network systems, combining insights from historical sociology, social network analysis, and studies of complex systems in physics and biology. His work combines historical sensitivities to temporal processes with a network analytic sensitivity to patterns of connectedness cross-sectionally. His article with David Stark (American Journal of Sociology, 2010) analyzes generative tensions in the historical evolution of business groups. The article won the 2011 Viviana Zelizer Award for best article in economic sociology, as well as the 2011 Roger V. Gould Prize.

Kurt Sandholtz is a doctoral candidate at Stanfords Center for Work, Technology, and Organization, and a visiting instructor at BYU Marriott School of Management. His work has appeared in Organization Studies and Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal.

Kelley Packalen is an associate professor of entrepreneurship in the School of Business at Queens University in Kingston, Ontario. Her research is at the intersection of entrepreneurship and organization theory. She is broadly interested in the connection between the career biographies of founders and the networks they develop for their nascent firms. Kelley received her Ph.D. in industrial engineering from Stanford University.