Historical Dictionaries of
Literature and the Arts
Jon Woronoff, Series Editor
Science Fiction Literature , by Brian Stableford, 2004.
Hong Kong Cinema , by Lisa Odham Stokes, 2007.
American Radio Soap Operas , by Jim Cox, 2005.
Japanese Traditional Theatre , by Samuel L. Leiter, 2006.
Fantasy Literature , by Brian Stableford, 2005.
Australian and New Zealand Cinema , by Albert Moran and Errol Vieth, 2006.
African-American Television , by Kathleen Fearn-Banks, 2006.
Lesbian Literature , by Meredith Miller, 2006.
Scandinavian Literature and Theater , by Jan Sjvik, 2006.
British Radio , by Sen Street, 2006.
German Theater , by William Grange, 2006.
African American Cinema , by S. Torriano Berry and Venise Berry, 2006.
Sacred Music , by Joseph P. Swain, 2006.
Russian Theater , by Laurence Senelick, 2007.
French Cinema , by Dayna Oscherwitz and MaryEllen Higgins, 2007.
Postmodernist Literature and Theater , by Fran Mason, 2007.
Irish Cinema , by Roderick Flynn and Pat Brereton, 2007.
Australian Radio and Television , by Albert Moran and Chris Keating, 2007.
Polish Cinema , by Marek Haltof, 2007.
Old Time Radio , by Robert C. Reinehr and Jon D. Swartz, 2008.
Renaissance Art , by Lilian H. Zirpolo, 2008.
Broadway Musical , by William A. Everett and Paul R. Laird, 2008.
American Theater: Modernism , by James Fisher and Felicia Hardison Londr, 2008.
German Cinema , by Robert C. Reimer and Carol J. Reimer, 2008.
Horror Cinema , by Peter Hutchings, 2008.
Westerns in Cinema , by Paul Varner, 2008.
Chinese Theater , by Tan Ye, 2008.
Italian Cinema , by Gino Moliterno, 2008.
Architecture , by Allison Lee Palmer, 2008.
Russian and Soviet Cinema , by Peter Rollberg, 2008.
African American Theater , by Anthony D. Hill, 2009.
Postwar German Literature , by William Grange, 2009.
Modern Japanese Literature and Theater , by J. Scott Miller, 2009.
Animation and Cartoons , by Nichola Dobson, 2009.
Modern Chinese Literature , by Li-hua Ying, 2010.
Middle Eastern Cinema , by Terri Ginsberg and Chris Lippard, 2010.
Spanish Cinema , by Alberto Mira, 2010.
Film Noir , by Andrew Spicer, 2010.
French Theater , by Edward Forman, 2010.
Choral Music , by Melvin P. Unger, 2010.
Westerns in Literature , by Paul Varner, 2010.
Baroque Art and Architecture , by Lilian H. Zirpolo, 2010.
Surrealism , by Keith Aspley, 2010.
Science Fiction Cinema , by M. Keith Booker, 2010.
Latin American Literature and Theater , by Richard A. Young and Odile Cisneros, 2011.
Childrens Literature , by Emer OSullivan, 2010.
German Literature to 1945 , by William Grange, 2011.
Neoclassical Art and Architecture , by Allison Lee Palmer, 2011.
American Cinema , by M. Keith Booker, 2011.
Contemporary American Theater:19302010 , by James Fisher, 2011.
Historical Dictionary
of Contemporary American Theater
19302010
Volume 1: AL
James Fisher
The Scarecrow Press, Inc.
Lanham Toronto Plymouth, UK
2011
Published by Scarecrow Press, Inc.
A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.
4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706
http://www.scarecrowpress.com
Estover Road, Plymouth PL6 7PY, United Kingdom
Copyright 2011 by James Fisher
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote passages in a review.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Fisher, James, 1950
Historical dictionary of contemporary American theater, 19302010 / James Fisher.
p. cm. (Historical dictionaries of literature and the arts)
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 978-0-8108-5532-8 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-8108-7950-8 (ebook)
1. TheaterUnited StatesHistory20th centuryDictionaries. 2. TheaterUnited StatesHistory21st centuryDictionaries. 3. American drama20th centuryDictionaries. 4. American drama21st centuryDictionaries. I. Title.
PN2266.3.F575 2011
792.0973'0904dc22 2010048180
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of
American National Standard for Information SciencesPermanence of Paper
for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992.
Printed in the United States of America
Editors Foreword
This is the third act in the series of Historical Dictionaries of American Theater, the firstwhich has not appeared yetdeals with the very beginnings up to about 1880, the second with the period roughly from 1880 to 1930, and this volume with the period from 1930 to the present. There is no doubt that American theatre has been maturing over the whole time span and it has reached a peak of sorts at present, one that will presumably be exceeded in the future. For now, after many decades of experimentation and practice, and numerous plays as well as countless performances, theatre in the United States has ceased being peripheral, let alone provincial, but become largely independent, although it obviously borrows from other traditions and imports occasional foreign works. Moreover, the flow has if anything shifted with Broadway increasingly becoming a source of plays and practices emulated worldwide. During this time, not only has the output increased, it has become considerably more varied, taking on virtually any topic of general and particular interest (including many it had avoided in the past), such as politics, war, and sexuality.
Covering this period was no easy matter, since the chronology has to trace an evolution of about 80 years, and the list of acronyms has grown immeasurably. Fortunately, the introduction puts this all in context, while leaving the details to the dictionary section. This time it is even larger, with well over 1,700 entries. They include not only playwrights and actors, directors and producers, but also scene designers, costume designers, lighting specialists, critics and even agents. There are entries on all kinds of theatres, not only the big Broadway ones, but also those Off-Broadway and Off-Off Broadway, some in other large cities, and an impressive batch scattered around the nation. The number of plays is very impressive and the major themes are increasingly varied. Still, as before, this volume can and should be read in conjunction with other works on American theatre, and a very rich source of further reading can be found in the bibliography.
What is particularly notable about this Historical Dictionary of Contemporary American Theater is that it was written by one person, James Fisher. Prof. Fisher is head and professor of theatre at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, following almost three decades at Wabash College, nearly half of this as department chair. Along with teaching, he has written numerous papers and articles on the topic and also coauthored the volume on American Theater: Modernism . Aside from this, he has crafted two plays of his own. Obviously, it would never have been possible to produce such a volume without extensive knowledge and experience, but also without an abiding passion for the theatre. These factors will make this a particularly useful volume to the many of us, including the editor, who are fascinated by American theatre and want to know how it has risen to become the very central player it is.
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