Gulshan Dietl - The Global Game of Oil Pipelines

A green transition may be underway, but for decades to come oil will remain critical to energy security and geopolitics. From America to China, Dietl deftly unpacks the complexities of a modern era of pipeline politics.

Luke Patey, Danish Institute for International Studies, Denmark and Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, UK

Dietl has done it again analyzed global oil pipeline politics with disarming ruthlessness, delightful sarcasm, diligent attention to detail, all these peppered with droll and insightful quotes from the doyens of the oil industry. Industry insiders will get new nuggets from this book while for the uninitiated, this book offers a crash course on the vice-like stranglehold of oil pipelines on the global economy.

Sudha Mahalingam, independent energy consultant and former energy regulator, India

Oil has long been and will continue to be at the centre of the global economy. This book explores the oil trade, energy (geo)politics, and new trends in regionalising or globalising the oil industry in the new era of international relations and economic competition.

Energy pipelines carrying oil and gas from the well-head to the market, generally run through two or more states; and often from one continent to the other. This book maps the oil flowing through international and intercontinental pipelines and unravels the political, commercial and technological considerations behind the mapping of oil routes and forging of trade ties between nation-states. Through case studies from the major oil-exporting regions like Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, the USA, Canada and Russia, it analyses the changing trends in their policies around oil trade, bilateral relations, energy, and security. It also considers the environmental protests around the continued dependency on oil, the teapot refineries under the Islamic State, investments, oil lobbies and insurrections to understand the broad picture of shifting regional and geopolitical realities and the scramble for vital resources.

This comprehensive book will be of interest to students of the geopolitics of energy, international relations, security and strategic studies, energy studies as well as the media and with policymakers.

Gulshan Dietl retired as a Professor at the School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, where she also served as the Director of the Gulf Studies Programme and the Chairperson of the Centre for West Asian and African Studies. Her recent publications include Contemporary Saudi Arabia and the Emerging Indo-Saudi Relations (2007), Democracy and Democratization in the Gulf (2010), and India and the Global Game of the Gas Pipelines (2017).

First published 2022

by Routledge

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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

2022 Gulshan Dietl

The right of Gulshan Dietl to be identified as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

A catalog record for this book has been requested

ISBN: 978-1-032-06305-8 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-1-032-06307-2 (pbk)

ISBN: 978-1-003-20164-9 (ebk)

DOI: 10.4324/9781003201649

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ACEArmy Corp of EngineersACLUAmerican Civil Liberties UnionADNOCAbu Dhabi National Oil CompanyAECAmerican Energy CommissionAIOCAzerbaijan International Operating Company and/orAIOCAnglo-Iranian Oil CompanyAISAutomatic Identification SystemAOPLAssociation of Oil PipelinesAPIAmerican Petroleum InstituteAQAPAl Qaeda in Arabian PeninsulaARAMCOArabian American Oil CompanyAWSAmazon Web ServiceBAPCOBahrain Petroleum CompanyBCBritish ColumbiaBOCBurma Oil Company/Basra Oil CompanyBODCBritish Oil Development CompanyBPCLBharat Petroleum Corporation LimitedBPSBaltic Pipeline SystemBSEEBureau of Safety and Environment ProtectionBTUBritish Thermal UnitCAPPCanadian Association of Petroleum ProducersCEOChief Executive OfficerCEPACanadian Energy Pipeline AssociationCERCanada Energy RegulatorCHIMEAChina, India, Middle East and AfricaCIACentral Intelligence AgencyCNBCConsumer News and Business ChannelCNPCChina National Petroleum CorporationCOMECONCouncil for Mutual Economic DevelopmentCO2Carbon DioxideCRSCongressional Research ServiceCTLCoal to LiquidDRAsDrag Reduction AgentsEAEnvironmental AssessmentEGLEEnvironment, Great Lakes, and EnergyELNEjrcito de Liberacin Nacional (Spanish) National Liberation Army in ColombiaENIEnte Nazionale Idrocarburi (Italian) National Hydrocarbons AuthorityEOREnhanced Oil RecoveryE and PExploration and ProductionEPCEngineering, Procurement and ConstructionESMAPEnergy Sector Management Assistance ProgramESPOEast Siberia Pacific OceanFAMEFaster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric vehiclesFARCFuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (Spanish) Revolutionary Armed Forces of ColombiaFBIFederal Bureau of InvestigationFDIForeign Direct InvestmentFLNFront de Libration Nationale (French) National Liberation FrontFMSForeign Military SalesGiCGovernor in CouncilGNPOCGreater Nile Petroleum Operating CompanyGTLGas to LiquidGNPGross National ProductGWOTGlobal War on TerrorismHPCLHindustan Petroleum Corporation LimitedHSDHigh Speed DieselIBPIndo Burma PetroleumICEInternal Combustion EngineIEDImprovised Explosive DeviceIKTUAIn-Kingdom Total Value-Added ProgramILSAIran and Libya Sanctions ActIMFInternational Monetary FundINESIraq National Energy StrategyINOCIraqi Nation Oil CompanyINOGATEInterstate Oil and GAs Transportation to EuropeIOCInternational Oil CompanyIOPTCIranian Oil Pipeline and Telecommunication CompanyIPCIntegrated Petroleum Contract and/orIPCIraq Petroleum CompanyIPOInitial Public OfferingIOCLIndian Oil Corporation LimitedIPCIraq Petroleum CompanyIPICInternational Petroleum Investment CompanyIPOInitial Public OfferingIPSAIraqi Pipeline in Saudi ArabiaISAIran Sanctions ActISISIslamic State of Iraq and SyriaIUBIowa Utilities BoardIWCInternational Whaling CommissionJCPOAJoint Comprehensive Plan of ActionKDPKurdish Democratic PartyKGBRussian Intelligence Service. Translated in English as Committee for State SecurityKRGKurdish Regional GovernmentKXLKeystone Extension LineLOOPLouisiana Offshore Oil PortLPGLiquefied Petroleum GasMBDMillion Barrels a DayMOLHungarian Oil and Gas Public Limited Company (in English from Hungarian)MSRMonthly Statistical ReportNAFTANorth American Free Trade AgreementNEBNational Energy BoardNGLNatural Gas LiquidsNGONon-governmental OrganisationNIOCNational Iranian Oil CompanyNIORDCNational Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company.NITCNational Iranian Tanker CompanyNOCNational Oil CompanyNYMEXNew York Mercantile ExchangeOAPECOrganisation of Arab Petroleum Exporting CountriesOCSOuter Continental ShelfOECDOrganisation for Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentOFACOffice of Foreign Assets ControlONGCOil and Natural Gas Commission LimitedOPECOrganisation of Petroleum Exporting CountriesOVLONGC Videsh LimitedPEOPPan European Oil PipelinePERNPrzyjazn Oil Pipeline Operation Company (in English from Polish)PHMSAPipelines and Hazardous Material Safety AdministrationPIPESProtecting our Infrastructure of Pipelines and Enhancing SecurityPKKKurdistan Workers Party (Kurdish: Partiya Karkern Kurdistan, Turkish: Krdistan i Partisi)PLUTOPipeline Underwater Transportation of OilPSAProduction Sharing AgreementPUKPatriotic Union of KurdistanRMARevolution in Military AffairsSCADASupervisory Control and Data AcquisitionSOCALStandard Oil Company of CaliforniaSUMEDSuez Mediterranean PipelineSOUAState of the Union AddressSRSTStanding Rock Sioux TribeTAPLINETrans-Arabian PipelineTAPSTrans-Alaska Pipeline SystemTCPTurkish Petroleum CompanyTPOCTurkish Petroleum Overseas CompanyTRACECATransport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-AsiaUAVUnmanned Aerial VehicleUAEUnited Arab EmiratesUKUnited KingdomULCCUltra Large Crude CarriersUNITARUN Institute for Training and Research Centre for Heavy Crude and Tar SandsURLUniform Resource LocatorUSSRUnion of Soviet Socialist RepublicVLCCVery Large Crude CarriersWMDWeapons of Mass DestructionWTIWest Texas IntermediateZEVZero Emission Vehicles