United Nations peace operations and International Relations theory
United Nations peace operations and International Relations theory
Edited by
Kseniya Oksamytna and John Karlsrud
Manchester University Press
Copyright Manchester University Press 2020
While copyright in the volume as a whole is vested in Manchester University Press, copyright in individual chapters belongs to their respective authors, and no chapter may be reproduced wholly or in part without the express permission in writing of both author and publisher.
Published by Manchester University Press
Altrincham Street, Manchester M1 7JA
www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN978 1 5261 4887 2 hardback
First published 2020
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COVER CREDIT:
Peacekeepers serving the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) patrol the Muslim enclave of PK5 in the capital city of Bangui in the Central African Republic (CAR) 7 May 2015 UN Photo/Catianne Tijerina
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This volume emerged from our workshop on Norms and Practices of Peace Operations: Evolution and Contestation at the European Workshops in International Studies (EWIS) organised in Cardiff, 710 June 2017. The workshop intended to study changes in norms and practices of UN peace operations since the end of the Cold War. We are very grateful to the organisers of EWIS 2017, Christian Bueger and Benjamin Tallis, for accepting our workshop proposal, and to the participants who presented their papers, providing distinct thematic as well as theoretical perspectives, forming the basis for this volume. Although for various reasons not all papers became chapters in this volume, all participants enriched the workshop by sharing their insights and commenting on colleagues work.
During our discussions, we agreed that there indeed had been many changes in the practices of, and the literature on, UN peace operations. This literature is one of the fastest-growing sub-fields of International Relations. However, there was no book that provided a one-stop-shop for students and scholars who wanted to get an overview of different perspectives of International Relations theory applied to UN peace operations.
While the workshop provided a first big step towards realising such a volume, there were numerous smaller steps taken over the following three years. One year after our first meeting, some of the authors met again in San Francisco at the ISA Annual Convention, at the panel Norms and Practices of Peacekeeping Operations. We are very grateful for the feedback from Lise Howard (Chair) and Katia Coleman (Discussant), as well as comments from the audience.
We would also like to use the opportunity to express our deep gratitude to Anthony R. Mason and Jonathan de Peyer, Senior Commissioning Editors at Manchester University Press, for wanting to publish our book. Tony, later replaced by Jon, both took a strong interest in the project. We would like to thank them, as well as the peer reviewers for very helpful inputs and suggestions. We are also very grateful to John Banks for attentive and constructive copy editing.
We are of course particularly indebted to the contributing authors. Without their active participation and engaged discussion over the last three years, resulting in their excellent chapters, this book would not have come to fruition. We are grateful to all of them for their patience during the years that the volume was in preparation. We also thank those of them who joined at later stages on short notice for their flexibility. Finally, Mats Berdal deserves a special thanks for excellently weaving together the empirical and theoretical dimensions of the book in the concluding chapter.
London and Oslo, March 2020
Mats Berdal is Professor of Security and Development in the Department of War Studies at King's College London. His recent publications include United Nations peacekeeping and the responsibility to protect, which appeared in Theorising the Responsibility to Protect, edited by Ramesh Thakur and William Maley (Cambridge University Press, 2015), and The state of UN peacekeeping: Lessons from Congo (Journal for Strategic Studies, 2016). In 201516, he served as a Member of the Commission of Inquiry on Afghanistan set up by the Norwegian government to evaluate Norway's civilian and military involvement in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2014. His latest publication is NATO's landscape of the mind: Stabilisation and statebuilding in Afghanistan (Ethnopolitics, 2019, online first).
Sarah von Billerbeck is Lecturer in Politics and International Relations and co-Director of the UN and Global Order Programme at the University of Reading. She is the author of Whose Peace? Local Ownership and United Nations Peacekeeping (Oxford University Press, 2017) and has published numerous articles on the UN, peace operations, international organisations, and legitimacy. She has been a Visiting Research Fellow of the University of Oxford and served as Reviews Editor for International Peacekeeping. She previously served as a Political Affairs Officer for the UN peacekeeping operation in Congo (MONUC). Her latest publications are Mirror, mirror on the wall: Self-legitimation by international organizations (International Studies Quarterly, 2020) and No action without talk? UN peacekeeping, discourse, and institutional self-legitimation (Review of International Studies, 2020).
IngvildBode is Senior Lecturer in International Relations at the University of Kent. She is the author of Individual Agency and Policy Change at the United Nations (Routledge, 2015) and the co-author of Governing the Use-of-Force: The Post-9/11 US Challenge on International Law (Palgrave, 2014, with Aiden Warren). She has published in journals such as the European Journal of International Relations, Global Governance, and Review of International Studies. Ingvild is Associate Editor of Global Society: Journal of Interdisciplinary International Relations and a member of the Board of Directors, Academic Council on the United Nations System (ACUNS).
Philip Cunliffe is Senior Lecturer in International Conflict at the University of Kent. He is the author of Legions of Peace: UN Peacekeepers from the Global South (Hurst, 2013) and Cosmopolitan Dystopia: International Intervention and the Failure of the West (Manchester University Press, 2020). He is the Editor-in-Chief of International Peacekeeping. He is also a founding member and co-chair of the British International Studies Association Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding Working Group. His latest publication is Framing intervention in a multipolar world (Conflict, Security and Development, 2019).
Georgina Holmes is a Leverhulme Early Career Research Fellow in the Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Reading. She is a founding member and co-convener of the BISA Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding Working Group and Visiting Research Fellow at the National University of Rwanda. Her research examines how women are integrated into peacekeeping operations; norms and practices in peacekeeping, peacekeeping training, and gender and security sector reform in African and European militaries. Georgina has published articles in several peer-reviewed journals including