First published in 1988 by Westview Press
Published in 2021 by Routledge
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
Copyright 1988 by Taylor & Francis, except for Chapter 5 ( 1986, The Hearst Corporation), Chapter 7 ( 1985, Gerda Bikales and Gary Imhoff), and Chapter 15 ( Barnaby Zall)
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
U.S. immigration in the 1980s.
Includes index.
1. United StatesEmigration and immigration.
2. United StatesEmigration and immigration
Government policy. I. Simcox, David E. II. Title:
US immigration in the 1980s.III. Title: United States
immigration in the 1980s.
JV6493.U18 1988 325.7388-17231
ISBN 13: 978-0-3672-1253-7 (hbk)
ISBN 13: 978-0-3672-1534-7 (pbk)
DOI: 10.4324/9780429270024
CONTENTS
Preface
1 OverviewA Time of Reform and Reappraisal
David Simcox
The Maturing of U.S. Immigration Reform
Legal Immigration: The Ceiling That Does Not Seal
Illegal Immigration: Counting the Shadow Population
Immigration and the Labor Market: The Repeal of Supply and Demand
Immigration and Social Welfare: The Notion of the Non-Revenue Consuming Taxpayer
Immigration Enforcement: A Finger in the Sluice Gates
Refugees, Asylum and Sanctuary: National Passion versus National Interest
Unfinished Business in American Immigration Policy
II IMMIGRATION AND U.S. WORKERS
2 Network Recruitment and Labor Displacement
Philip Martin
3 Seeking Common Ground for Blacks and Immigrants
Jacquelyne Johnson Jackson
4 Hispanic Americans: The Debased Coin of Citizenship
Richard Estrada
III IMMIGRATION AND NATIONAL UNITY: IS HISTORY OUR GUIDE?
5 Ellis Island: The Building of a Heritage
Eric Sevaried
6 Immigration and the National Interest
Otis Graham, Jr.
7 A Kind of Discordant Harmony: Issues in Assimilation
Gerda Bikales and Gary Imhoff
IV CALIFORNIA: AMERICAS IMMIGRATION LABORATORY
8 Immigration, Population Change and Californias Future
Leon Bouvier
9 Mexicans: Californias Newest Immigrants
The Urban Institute
10 Immigration in the Golden State: The Tarnished Dream
Ray Marshall
V DEMOGRAPHIC CENTRIFUGE BELOW THE BORDER
11 Mexicos Dilemma: Finding a Million Jobs a Year
David Simcox
VI BUILDING A MORE RATIONAL, ENFORCEABLE IMMIGRATION POLICY
12 Employer Sanctions in Europe: Deterrence Without Discrimination
Mark Miller
13 Europes Lessons for America
Malcolm R. Lovell, Jr.
14 Principles vs. Expediency in U.S. Immigration Policy
Lawrence Fuchs
15 The U.S. Refugee Industry: Doing Well by Doing Good
Barnaby Zall
16 How Many Americans?
Lindsey Grant
- Preface Page
- 1 OverviewA Time of Reform and Reappraisal
- The Maturing of U.S. Immigration Reform
- Legal Immigration: The Ceiling That Does Not Seal
- Illegal Immigration: Counting the Shadow Population
- Immigration and the Labor Market: The Repeal of Supply and Demand
- Immigration and Social Welfare: The Notion of the Non-Revenue Consuming Taxpayer
- Immigration Enforcement: A Finger in the Sluice Gates
- Refugees, Asylum and Sanctuary: National Passion versus National Interest
- Unfinished Business in American Immigration Policy
- II Immigration and U.S. Workers
- 2 Network Recruitment and Labor Displacement
- 3 Seeking Common Ground for Blacks and Immigrants
- 4 Hispanic Americans: The Debased Coin of Citizenship
- III Immigration and National Unity: Is History Our Guide?
- 5 Ellis Island: The Building of a Heritage
- 6 Immigration and the National Interest
- 7 A Kind of Discordant Harmony: Issues in Assimilation
- IV California: Americas Immigration Laboratory
- 8 Immigration, Population Change and Californias Future
- 9 Mexicans: Californias Newest Immigrants
- 10 Immigration in the Golden State: The Tarnished Dream
- V Demographic Centrifuge Below the Border
- 11 Mexicos Dilemma: Finding a Million Jobs a Year
- VI Building a More Rational, Enforceable Immigration Policy
- 12 Employer Sanctions in Europe: Deterrence Without Discrimination
- 13 Europes Lessons for America
- 14 Principles vs. Expediency in U.S. Immigration Policy
- 15 The U.S. Refugee Industry: Doing Well by Doing Good
- 16 How Many Americans?
LIST OF TABLES
1.1 Legal immigration to the U.S. 18201984, 19401986
1.2 Legal immigration to the U.S. 1820 to 1986
1.3 Where U.S. legal immigrants have come from
1.4 Legal immigration by category in the 1980s
1.5 Legal immigration by preference category during the late 1980s
1.6 Naturalization of immigrants according to country of origin 19831985
1.7 Top ten urban areas of settlement for 1986 immigrants
1.8 Illegal immigrants apprehended 1965 to 1986
1.9 Central American migrants in the U.S., by place of current residence and country of origin
1.10 Some estimates of illegal alien population in the United States since 1973
1.11 INS resources 19771987
1.12 INS resources 19691988
1.13 Refugee admissions 1975 to 1987
3.1 Blacks and Hispanics views on immigration: Tarrance-Hart Poll, 1983
3.2 Voting patterns of black representatives on the 1984 and 1986 immigration reform legislation
7.1 National allegiance/orientation
7.2 Aspects of culture or traditions thought most important to preserve
8.1 Population by ethnicity 1970 and 1980
8.2 Projected population of California 1980 to 2030
8.3 Projected population by ethnicity 1980 to 2030
8.4 Projected Asian population by ethnicity 1980 to 2030
8.5 Percentage distribution by ethnicity 1980, 2000, 2030
8.6 Labor force by age groups 1980, 2000, 2030
8.7 Labor force by ethnicity, 1980, 2000, 2030
8.8 Persons of school age 519 by ethnicity 1980, 2000, 2030
10.1 Comparison of wages in Los Angeles County and the United States, 1972 and 1980
10.2 Comparison of wages in the Los Angeles labor market and the percentage of Mexican immigrants in the Los Angeles labor market
11.1 Labor force growth in Mexico 19602020
11.2 INS apprehensions, Mexican economic growth and U.S. unemployment
11.3 Projected growth of the labor force and employment in Mexico, 19852000
14.1 Asylum cases filed with INS district directors, approved and denied, by nationality, June 1983 to September 1986