HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION AND LEGITIMACY WARS
In the aftermath of the Cold War there has been a dramatic shift in thinking about the maintenance of peace and security on a global level. This shift is away from a preoccupation with how to prevent major wars between sovereign states to a preoccupation about non-state transnational warfare and violence and strife within states in a world order that continues to be juridically and politically delimited by spatial ideas of national sovereignty and national independence as signified by international boundaries.
In this book, Richard Falk draws upon these changes to examine the ethics and politics of humanitarian intervention in the 21st Century. As well as analyzing the theoretical and conceptual basis of the responsibility to protect, the book also contains a number of case studies looking at Iraq, Afghanistan, Kosovo and Syria. The final section explores when humanitarian intervention can succeed and the relevance of legitimacy wars in countries such as India, Tibet, South Africa and Palestine.
This book will be of interest to students of International Relations theory, Peace Studies and Global Politics.
Richard Falk is Albert G. Milbank Professor of International Law and Practice Emeritus at Princeton University, USA where he was a member of the faculty for 40 years. Since 2002 he has been a Research Professor at the Orfalea Center for Global and International Studies at University of California, Santa Barbara, USA. He was Special Rapporteur on Occupied Palestine for the UN Human Rights Council between 200814, and served on a panel of experts appointed by the President of the UN General Assembly, 20089.
GLOBAL HORIZONS
Series Editors: Richard Falk, Princeton University, USA and R. B. J. Walker, University of Victoria, Canada
We live in a moment that urgently calls for a reframing, reconceptualizing, and reconstituting of the political, cultural and social practices that underpin the enterprises of international relations.
While contemporary developments in international relations are focused upon highly detailed and technical matters, they also demand an engagement with the broader questions of history, ethics, culture and human subjectivity.
GLOBAL HORIZONS is dedicated to examining these broader questions.
International Relations and the Problem of Difference
David Blaney and Naeem Inayatullah
Methods and Nations
Cultural Governance and the Indigenous Subject
Michael J. Shapiro
Declining World Order
Americas Imperial Geopolitics
Richard Falk
Human Rights, Private Wrongs
Constructing Global Civil Society
Alison Brysk
Rethinking Refugees
Beyond States of Emergency
Peter Nyers
Beyond the Global Culture War
Adam Webb
Cinematic Geopolitics
Michael J. Shapiro
The Liberal Way of War
Killing to Make Life Live
Michael Dillon and Julian Reid
After the Globe, Before the World
R.B.J Walker
Ideas to Die For
The Cosmopolitan Challenge
Giles Gunn
Re-Imagining Humane Governance
Richard Falk
Politics of Difference
The Epistemologies of Peace
Hartmut Behr
The Colonial Art of Demonizing Others
A Global Perspective
Esther Lezra
Humanitarian Intervention and Legitimacy Wars
Seeking Peace and Justice in the 21st Century
Richard Falk
First published 2015
by Routledge
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2015 Richard Falk
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Falk, Richard A.
Humanitarian intervention and legitimacy wars : seeking peace and justice in the 21st century / Richard Falk.
pages cm. -- (Global horizons ; 14) Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Humanitarian intervention--Political aspects. 2. Humanitarian intervention--Moral and ethical aspects. 3. World politics--21st century. I. Title.
JZ6369.F35 2014
341.584--dc23
2014005382
ISBN: 978-0-415-81517-8 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-415-81553-6 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-76117-6 (ebk)
Typeset in Bembo
by Taylor & Francis Books
For Phyllis Bennis
Worthy comrade, selfless
warrior for justice and beloved friend
CONTENTS
This collection of writings covers a period of almost a decade. It addresses a range of issues bearing on global developments, concentrating on the interplay of interventionary geopolitics as practiced especially by the United States and the dynamics of national resistance as epitomized by what I call legitimacy wars. The decisive feature of legitimacy war is a strategic and tactical reliance on soft power from below; that is, on the basis of civil society initiatives.
The book is unabashedly critical of military interventions, even when credibly undertaken for humanitarian reasons. Its sympathies are generally supportive of the prevailing side in legitimacy wars. Admittedly, the world is too complex and its conflicts too dialectical for any either/or assessment of how best to respond to horrific political developments that take place within sovereign states. Each set of circumstances has its own originality. The tragic unfolding of the struggle in Syria makes it clear that there can be instances in which no simple assessment will provide useful guidance. It is always likely to be paralyzing when the impact of unknowns in a conflict seems likely to exceed what appears to be knowable. Admitting the limits of inquiry is not an occasion for resignation, but it does erect barriers against those who advocate military responses to violent internal struggles for national dominance. This book addresses these themes within the wider context of international relations theory and practice.
I owe debts of gratitude to many scholarly friends and friendly scholars. In this period my work on behalf of the UN Human Rights Council in relation to Palestine has been influential in shaping my understanding of the themes addressed throughout this book. In this regard I would acknowledge, among others, Raji Sourani, Eyad Serraj, Susan Abulhawa, KarmaNabulsi, Kevin Turner, Omar Barghouti, Pamela Olson, and, above all, Phyllis Bennis to whom this book is gratefully dedicated. In the wider setting of intervention and the Middle East, I wish to thank Emad Shahin, Philip Rizk, Farhad Khosrohavar, Amin Saikal, Ahmet Davutoglu, Bulent Aras, Asli Bali, Nader Hashemi, Georges Abi-Saab, Penny Green, and Danny Postel, as well as members of the Scientific Committee of the Moulay Hicham Foundation for a series of stimulating annual discussions. I am also grateful to the talented initial Opinion Editor of