The Politics of Climate Change under President Obama
The last two decades have witnessed an ever-growing partisan divide in US politics over climate change and global warming. Significant elements in the Republican Party became openly hostile to the scientific evidence and, following the election of George W. Bush, legislative action at the federal level effectively ground to a halt. This opened up space at the state and local level to develop climate change policies, with cities such as Chicago, San Francisco and New York implementing a number of initiatives that brought real and substantive developments. The election of Barack Obama in 2008 seemed to open new possibilities for federal and global leadership once more and whilst the Obama administration has been criticised for a somewhat contradictory approach to the issue at times, there were nonetheless a number of significant policy developments.
Through a substantive and detailed analysis of the politics of climate change, this book places the evolution of US climate policy within broader debates on the nature of politics in the US and argues that there exists a latent potential, often obscured by the complexities of its political system, for America to act as a world leader on the issue.
This work will appeal particularly to students and scholars in American Politics, but will also prove useful to those in the fields of general politics, climate change, sustainability and environmental studies.
Hugh Atkinson is a tutor in politics and sustainability at London South Bank University. He is a distinguished research fellow at the Schumacher Institute for Sustainable Solutions, Bristol. His main research specialism is in the politics of climate change.
The Politics of Climate Change under President Obama
Hugh Atkinson
First published 2018
by Routledge
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2018 Hugh Atkinson
The right of Hugh Atkinson to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
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ISBN: 978-1-4724-4662-6 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-3155-9864-2 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman
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Contents
Illustrations
Figures
Tables
Preface
Like many others of my generation, in my childhood I was a long distance observer of America. My first impressions were forged in the late 1950s and early 1960s with the likes of US TV shows such as Mr Ed, I Love Lucy, the Lone Ranger, and the irrepressible Beverley Hillbillies.
On a much more sombre note, I still recall with vivid clarity that dark November day in 1961 when as an eight year old I heard the terrible news of the assassination of JFK. I have remained a keen observer of American politics ever since.
My special thanks to Rob Sorsby, commissioning editor at Taylor and Francis. His support and encouragement have been central in getting this book written. I would also like to thank my wife and academic colleague, Professor Ros Wade for her undying support in the writing of this book. She not only acted as an unpaid consultant and researcher but put up with my moods and complaints. Her support and love was pivotal to completing this book. A special mention too for Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the world wide web which has done so much to open up academic research and debate.
I would also like to thank the gorgeous village of Wincle in East Cheshire. I spent two weeks there in a lovely cottage. My time there gave me inspiration in the final stages of writing this book. The peace and quiet, the beautiful walks by the River Dane, and a few pints of ale at the local village pub proved the perfect combination. I strongly recommend it to anyone writing a book.
Abbreviations and acronyms
ACCCE | American Coalition for Clean Coal Electricity |
ACEEE | American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy |
ANWR | Arctic National Wildlife Refuge |
ARRA | American Recovery and Investment Act |
C2ES | Centre for Climate and Energy Solutions |
CAP | climate action plan |
CCP | comprehensive conservation plan |
CCPI | Climate Change Performance Index |
CCS | carbon capture and storage |
CCTI | Climate Change Technology Initiative |
CLC | Climate Leadership Council |
COP21 | UN Conference of the Parties on Climate Change |
CPA | Climate Protection Agreement |
CCPL | community climate plan |
CPP | Clean Power Plan |
CSD | Council on Sustainable Development |
DEP | Department of Environmental Protection |
DOE | US Department of Energy |
DOI | US Department of Industry |
EERS | energy efficiency resource standard |
EIA | US Energy Information Administration |
EJF | Environmental Justice Foundation |
EPA | Environmental Protection Agency |
GCF | Green Climate Fund |
GE | General Electric |
HFCs | hydrofluorocarbons |
ICLEI | International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives |
ICS | investment court system |
IEA | International Energy Agency |
IIED | International Institute for Environment and Development |
INDCs | intended nationally determined contributions |
IPCC | United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
ISDS | investor state dispute settlement |
MMS | Minerals Management Service |
MW | megawatts |
NADA | National Automobile Dealers Association |
NAFTA | North America Free Trade Area |
NCADAC | National Climate Assessment and Development Advisory Committee |
NCAR | National Centre for Atmospheric Research |
NIC | National Intelligence Council |
NOAA | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
NRDC | National Resources Defence Council |
NRECA | National Rural Electric Co-operative Association |