Mehmet Sankir - Hydrogen Electrical Vehicles

1. Chapter 1
2. Chapter 2
3. Chapter 4
4. Chapter 5
5. Chapter 6

1. Chapter 1
2. Chapter 2
3. Chapter 3
4. Chapter 4
5. Chapter 5
6. Chapter 6
7. Chapter 7

Scrivener Publishing
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Beverly, MA 01915-6106

Advances in Hydrogen Production and Storage

Publishers at Scrivener
Martin Scrivener ()
Phillip Carmical ()

Edited by

Mehmet Sankr

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey

and

Nurdan Sankir

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey

This edition first published 2023 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA and Scrivener Publishing LLC, 100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J, Beverly, MA 01915, USA
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

ISBN 978-1-394-16638-1

Cover image: Pixabay.Com
Cover design by Russell Richardson

The decision of 28 countries to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees celsius in accordance with the Paris Agreement, can be realized by minimizing CO2 emissions, which can only be accomplished by establishing a hydrogen ecosystem. A new geopolitical order is envisaged, in which sectors dealing with energy production, distribution, and storage, and thus an increasing carbon footprint, are reconstructed. In short, an economic order with new tax regulations is being created in which carbon footprints will be followed. This effort, which is called the Green Deal, is defined in Europe as a new growth strategy aiming for net-zero CO2 emissions. We know that transportation is responsible for about 24% of all CO2 emissions. Therefore, any efforts to reduce emissions must include utilizing hydrogen in the transportation sector.

Fuel cells use hydrogen directly in most types of vehiclesfrom passenger cars to trainswithout some of the disadvantages of batteries such as low energy density, high initial costs, and a slow charge. Therefore, the number of hydrogen filling stations required for fuel cells, about one-tenth of the number of fast-charging stations, can meet the same needs as batteries. Additionally, hydrogen charging is at least three times faster. Therefore, it is essential to emphasize that hydrogen-powered transportation is still the most reasonable way to reduce emissions.

As part of our Advances in Hydrogen Producton and Storage series, this volume covers the cutting-edge technologies used in fuel cell-powered cars. Additionally, it highlights the research efforts presented in the literature while adding a valuable component to the area. It also discusses basic as well as advanced engineering details for both scientists and engineers in academia and industry.

There are seven chapters in the book. Chapter 1 introduces hydrogen and electrical vehicles. Hydrogen storage and compression systems are analyzed in Chapters 2 and 3, respectively. Chapter 4 discusses hydrogen propulsion systems for UAVs. The testing and evaluation of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are covered in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 focuses on hydrogen production and polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells for electrical vehicles. The final chapter, Chapter 7, covers the issues concerning the power and durability of fuel cell vehicles.

In closing, we wish to thank the distinguished authors for their valuable contributions in reviewing the efforts made towards using hydrogen in electrical vehicles.

Editors

Dr. Mehmet Sankr and Dr. Nurdan Demirci Sankr

Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering,

TOBB University of Economics and Technology

Ameen Uddin Ammar, Mohamad Hasan Aleinawi and Emre Erdem

Sabanci University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Orhanli, Istanbul, Turkey

Hydrogen usage in electric vehicles is one of the domains which provide immense potential to explore in the race of energy efficient vehicles. As the world continuously moves towards clean and green environment, where all possible measures are been taken to minimize the carbon emission. Discussed here are the following: the numbers of hydrogen-utilized projects for energy, reducing prices of clean energy production facilities, and researching new methods to store hydrogen. Fuel cells which use hydrogen as the source of energy are proving themselves to be a serious candidate in this cause with numerous research are taking place to avail this opportunity.

Keywords: Hydrogen electrical vehicles, zero carbon emission, hydrogen storage, green environment, hydrogen production, carbon capture, electrolysis, fuel cells

Probably the most crucial and challenging issue the world is facing nowadays is carbon emission. It has effects over several aspects, from environmental problems, power generation, economy, and many others. The world has reached the no going back point with carbon emissions, and we have to take effective measures in dealing with this challenge. Luckily, many nations and agencies started to intensify their efforts in order to face this problem. This can be sensed from Internationals Energy Agency (IEA) net zero emission by 2050 roadmap report [ above displays the future development plan for hydrogen usage as a fuel in different sectors.