THE EXPERT CONSUMER
The Expert Consumer
Associations and Professionals in Consumer Society
Edited by
ALAIN CHATRIOT
Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris, France
MARIE-EMMANUELLE CHESSEL
Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris, France
MATTHEW HILTON
University of Birmingham, UK
First published 2006 by Ashgate Publishing
Published 2017 by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, 0X14 4RN
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
Copyright Alain Chatriot, Marie-Emmanuelle Chessel and Matthew Hilton 2006
Alain Chatriot, Marie-Emmanuelle Chessel and Matthew Hilton have asserted their moral right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the editors of this work.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Notice:
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
The expert consumer : associations and professionals in consumer society.(The history of retailing and consumption)
1.ConsumersHistoryCongresses 2.Consumption (Economics)History
Congresses
I.Chatriot, Alain Il.Chessel, Marie-Emmanuelle III.Hilton, Matthew
381.309
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
The expert consumer : associations and professionals in consumer society / edited by Alain Chatriot, Marie-Emmanuelle Chessel, and Matthew Hilton.
p. cm.(The history of retailing and consumption)
Includes index.
ISBN 0-7546-5501-6 (alk. paper)
1. ConsumersEuropeHistory. 2. ConsumersUnited StatesHistory. 3.
Consumer protectionEuropeHistory. 4. Consumer protectionUnited
StatesHistory. 5. Consumption (Economics)EuropeHistory. 6.
Consumption (Economics)United StatesHistory. I. Chatriot, Alain. II.
Chessel, Marie-Emmanuelle. III. Hilton, Matthew. IV. Series.
HC240.9.C6E98 2006
339.47dc22
2005024152
ISBN 13: 978-0-7546-5501-5 (hbk)
Contents
Alain Chatriot, Marie-Emmanuelle Chessel and Matthew Hilton
Lawrence B. Glickman
Julien Vincent
Marie-Emmanuelle Chessel
Carolyn M. Goldstein
Jolle Droux
Katherine Pence
Alain Chatriot
Iselin Theien
Robert N. Mayer
Odile Join-Lambert and Yves Lochard
Matthew Hilton
This book is the product of an international colloquium (Au nom du consommateur) held at the Ecole Nationale dAdministration in Paris in June 2004. The colloquium and this volume would not have been possible without financial assistance from: the Centre de Recherches Historiques at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, the Centre International de Recherche, dEchange et dInformation sur la Distribution (CIREID, Lille-Mtropole), the Maison des Sciences de lHomme, the organisation Le Mouvement Social, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, France, the British Academy, and especially the Mairie de Paris. We would like to thank all those who participated in this conference, especially the members of the conferences scientific committee, the commentators and those presenters whose papers we were unfortunately not able to include in this volume: Maurice Aymard, Dominique Barjot, Grard Baur, Rgis Boulat, Sophie Chauveau, Lizabeth Cohen, Christoph Conrad, Geoffrey Crossick, Joy Cushman, Olivier Dard, Jean-Claude Daumas, Pierre-Antoine Dessaux, Tracey Deutsch, Victoria de Grazia, Laura Lee Downs, Patrick Fridenson, Ellen Furlough, Cline Granjou, Stephen L. Harp, Heinz-Gerhard Haupt, Sheryl Kroen, Erik Langlinay, Yves Lequin, Michel Lescure, Michel Margairaz, Vronique Pouillard, Pierre Rosanvallon, Armand-Denis Schor, Alessandro Stanziani, Anne Sudrow and Gunnar Trumbull. For help with the translations of various chapters we are grateful to Susan Emanuel (), and for final editorial assistance, Matt Vaughan Wilson.
Alain Chatriot is Charg de recherche in History at the CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), based at the Centre de recherches historiques (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris). He is the author of La dmocratie sociale la franaise (Paris, 2002) and is currently working on a study of French agricultural policies in the twentieth century.
Marie-Emmanuelle Chessel is Charge de recherche in History at the CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), based at the Centre de recherches historiques (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris). She is the author of La Publicit: naissance dune profession, 19001940 (Paris, 1998) and is currently working on the history of the French Consumers League.
Jolle Droux is Master Assistant in the History Department of the University of Geneva. She is the author of a Ph. D. on the history of the nursing profession in Switzerland in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries which is to be published in 2006. She is currently working on the history of the child protection movement in Switzerland in the twentieth century.
Lawrence B. Glickman is Associate Professor of History at the University of South Carolina. He is the author of A Living Wage: American Workers and the Making of Consumer Society (Ithaca, 1997) and the editor of Consumer Society in American History: A Reader (Ithaca, 1999). He is currently writing, Use Your Buying Power for Justice: Consumer Activism in America from the Boston Tea Party to the Twenty-First Century.
Carolyn M. Goldstein is Curator at Lowell National Historical Park in Lowell, Massachusetts. She is the author of Do It Yourself: Home Improvement in 20th- Century America (Princeton, 1998). Her book about the home economics movement and American consumers will be published by the University of North Carolina Press.
Matthew Hilton is Reader in Social History at the University of Birmingham. He is the author of Smoking in British Popular Culture (Manchester, 2000) and Consumerism in Twentieth-Century Britain (Cambridge, 2003). He is currently working on a study of the international consumer movement.
Odile Join-Lambert is a historian at the Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales. She is the author of Le receveur des postes, entre lEtat et lusager (Paris, 2001).
Yves Lochard is a researcher in Sociology at the Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales. He is the author of Fortune du pauvre (Paris, 1998) and Lexpert associatif le savant et le politique (edited with Maud Simonet-Cusset, Paris, 2003). He has been working on associations and their values.
Robert N. Mayer is Professor of Family and Consumer Studies at the University of Utah. He is associate editor of the