Political Friendship and Degrowth
Developing a contemporary account of political friendship and synthesizing it with the radical movement of degrowth, this book provides the ethical grounding and the rationale of an alternative economy which serves human flourishing.
The Aristotelian political friendship embodies active concern for the others well-being that contemporary societies lack; the crucial problems of ecological destruction and global poverty illustrate this friendship deficit. Arguing for the need for re-embracing a friendly civic ethos and re-aligning the economy with moral objectives, the author updates the Aristotelian idea and identifies it with democratic-autonomous political-economic praxis that ensures citizens self-actualization. Degrowth movement questioning economic growth and productivism, and privileging a simpler life with less material goods, favours political friendship precisely because it nourishes its unconscious substratum namely human instinctual sociality. The call for genuine democratic political praxis that political friendship implies could enable the degrowth movement to retain its radical character and accomplish the shift to an economy which serves life.
The book is worthwhile studying by students and researchers across social sciences and especially by scholars in the fields of sociology, philosophy, and politics but also a broader readership sensitive to the issues of social and environmental sustainability will find this work extremely interesting.
Areti Giannopoulou is a visiting research fellow at Keele University and is working on her postdoctoral research project. She studied Philosophy, Pedagogy, and Psychology at the University of Athens where she also received her MA in Intercultural Education. Having obtained a scholarship from the Academy of Athens, she studied Philosophy at the University of Sussex where she successfully completed her MA and her PhD (2019) in Philosophy. She worked as an associate tutor in the Department of History at Sussex University in 2020. Her research interests include contemporary social and political philosophy, sociology, and degrowth movement.
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An Ethical Grounding of an Economy of Human Flourishing
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Political Friendship and Degrowth
An Ethical Grounding of an Economy of Human Flourishing
Areti Giannopoulou
First published 2022
by Routledge
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2022 Areti Giannopoulou
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British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Giannopoulou, Areti, author.
Title: Political friendship and degrowth : an ethical grounding of an economy of human flourishing / Areti Giannopoulou.
Description: Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2022. | Series: Routledge advances in sociology | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2021038413 (print) | LCCN 2021038414 (ebook) | ISBN 9780367757960 (hbk) | ISBN 9780367757984 (pbk) | ISBN 9781003164050 (ebk)
Subjects: LCSH: Negative growth (Economics) | Environmental economics. | Sustainable development. | Economic development--Moral and ethical aspects.
Classification: LCC HD75.6 .G5156 2022 (print) | LCC HD75.6 (ebook) | DDC 338.9/27--dc23/eng/20211028
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021038413
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021038414
ISBN: 978-0-367-75796-0 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-367-75798-4 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-16405-0 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003164050
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Deanta Global Publishing Services, Chennai, India
To Melissanthi
Contents
PART I
The Aristotelian tradition of the political friendship
PART II
Modern readings of political friendship
PART III
Founding human flourishing
Acknowledgements
Everything began with my participation in the examinations of the Academy of Athens where I managed to obtain the single scholarship for postgraduate studies in Philosophy. Professors Evangelia Fridaki and Andreas Lebedev to whom I am indebted provided me with letters of reference in order to study at the University of Sussex. This book is the sweet fruit of my academic labour to date and of my doctoral thesis; I owe its publication to the motivation and generosity of Professor Mark Featherstone, and of course to Routledge publishing house. The editor Emily Briggs and the editorial assistant Lakshita Joshi have been supportive of this project by responding to my concerns and queries.
I am really grateful to my parents Sophia and Vassilis, and to my sister Dionissia for their love, support and encouragement over this struggle. My dialogues with my wise mother while I was writing this monograph helped me to elucidate and specify my ideas, and I thank her for this.
Abbreviations
NE: | Nicomachean Ethics |
EE: | Eudemian Ethics |
MM: | Magna Moralia |
Pol.: | Politics |
RHET.: | Rhetoric |
Introduction
DOI: 10.4324/9781003164050-1
The friendship deficit
Contemporary capitalist societies are marked by huge economic inequalities; large segments of the global population cannot live a decent life nor can they even meet their basic biological needs. According to the World Bank in 2015, 736 million people were living on less than US$1.90 a day (World Bank, 2018, p. 19). Women and children are disproportionately affected by poverty which is directly associated with bad physical and mental health (World Bank, 2018, p. 144145), and which to a significant degree stems from the environmental destruction that threatens the planet. Climate change, loss of soil and aquatic biodiversity, as well as land and water quality degradation, intensify the consequences of financial poverty condemning whole communities to starvation (WWF, 2018). Paul Crutzen and Eugene F. Stoermer (2000) have claimed that the world is entering a new geological epoch, that is, Anthropocene due to human-induced changes. In particular, in the last 50 years, the global average temperature has surged since, as it has been observed, people release 100 billion tonnes of carbon into the Earth every 10 years (WWF, 2018, p. 22).