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Dante Alighieri - The Divine Comedy 2: Purgatorio

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THE DIVINE COMEDY 2 PURGATORIO DANTE ALIGHIERI was born in Florence in 1265 - photo 1

THE DIVINE COMEDY 2 PURGATORIO DANTE ALIGHIERI was born in Florence in 1265 - photo 2

THE DIVINE COMEDY 2: PURGATORIO

DANTE ALIGHIERI was born in Florence in 1265 into a family from the lower ranks of the nobility. He may have studied at the university of Bologna. When he was about twenty, he married Gemma Donati, by whom he had four children. He first met Bice Portinari, whom he called Beatrice, in 1274, and when she died in 1290 he sought consolation by writing the Vita nuova and by studying philosophy and theology. During this time he also became involved in the conflict between the Guelf and Ghibelline factions in Florence; he became a prominent White Guelf and, when the Black Guelfs came to power in 1302, Dante was, during his absence from the city, condemned to exile. He took refuge initially in Verona but eventually, having wandered from place to place, he settled in Ravenna. While there he completed the Commedia, which he began in about 1307. Dante died in Ravenna in 1321.

ROBIN KIRKPATRICK graduated from Merton College, Oxford. He has taught courses on Dantes Commedia in Hong Kong, Dublin and for more than twenty-five years at the university of Cambridge, where he is Fellow of Robinson College and Professor of Italian and English Literatures. His books include Dantes Paradiso and the Limitations of Modern Criticism (1987), Dantes Inferno: Difficulty and Dead Poetry (1987) and, in the Cambridge Landmarks of World Literature series, Dante: The Divine Comedy (2004). His own published poetry includes Prologue and Palinodes (1997), and currently he is working on a long poem (in five acts) entitled Paradise Rag.

DANTE ALIGHIERI

The Divine Comedy 2:
Purgatorio

Translated and edited by
ROBIN KIRKPATRICK

PENGUIN BOOKS

PENGUIN BOOKS

Published by the Penguin Group
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This translation first published in Penguin Classics 2007
1

Translation copyright Robin Kirkpatrick, 2007
The text of the Commedia is reprinted from La Commedia secondo lantica vulgata,
edited by Giorgio Petrocchi, Edizione Nazionale delle Opere di Dante Alighieri a cura della
Societ Dantesca, copyright 1994 by Casa Editrice Le Lettere Firenze

The moral right of the editor has been asserted

Except in the United States of America, this book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publishers prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser

9780141919980

Contents
Acknowledgements

Thanks of many kinds are due. To those, especially Vittorio Montemaggi and Matthew Treherne, who continue to offer welcome advice on matters ranging from rhythm to theology. To those who have given, in their great authority, both encouragement and criticism, Pat Boyde, Zyg Baranski, Pero Boitan, Matthew Reynolds, David Wallace and the early readers of the original proposal. To Hilary Laurie for painstaking and perceptive attention to the details of the text as it was prepared for the press, and to Sally Holloway, who makes the process of copy-editing a pleasure.

The Purgatorio is thought by most of its readers to be the subtlest, liveliest and most beautiful cantica of the Commedia. It is therefore entirely appropriate that I should dedicate this translation, with love and gratitude, to Anna and Laura.

Chronology

1224 Saint Francis receives the stigmata

1250 Death of Emperor Frederick II

1260 Defeat of the Guelfs at the battle of Montaperti, leading to seven years of Ghibelline domination in Florence

1265 Dante born, probably 25 May

1266 Defeat of Imperial army by the Guelfs and the French under Charles dAnjou at the battle of Benevento

1267 Birth of Giotto; restoration of Guelf rule in Florence under the protection of Charles dAnjou

1274 Deaths of Thomas Aquinas and Bonaventure

1282 The influence of the guilds starts to grow in Florence

1283 Dante begins his association with the poet Guido Cavalcanti

1289 Dante fights at the battle of Campaldino; Florence, having defeated Arezzo and Ghibelline factions at Campaldino, begins to extend its supremacy over Tuscany

1290 Death of Bice (Beatrice) Portinari

1292 Dante compiles the Vita nuova

1293Ordinamenti di Giustizia promulgated in Florence

1294 Election and abdication of Pope Celestine V; election of Pope Boniface VIII

1295 Dante enrols in a guild

1296 For five years, Dante is actively involved in the political life of the Florence commune; Rime Petrose probably composed

1300 Dante elected to the office of prior; fictional date of the Commedia

1301 Crisis and coup dtat in Florence; Charles de Valois enters the city; return of Corso Donati; defeat of the White Guelfs by the Black Guelfs

1302 In his absence, Dante formally exiled and sentenced to death by the Black Guelphs

1303 Dante seeks refuge for the first time in Verona; death of Pope Boniface VIII

1304 Dante probably engaged until 1307 on the Convivio and the De Vulgari Eloquentia; birth of Petrarch

1305 Pope Clement V detained in Avignon

1307 Possible date for when Dante started the Commedia; accession of Edward II to English throne

1308 Henry VII of Luxembourg elected Holy Roman Emperor in Rome

1310 Dante writes his epistle to Henry: Ecce nunc tempus acceptabile; Henry enters Italy

1312 Possible (though much debated) date for when Dante started De Monarchia; Henry crowned Holy Roman Emperor

1313 Emperor Henry VII dies; Boccaccio born

1314 Dante begins living for six years in Verona, under the protection of Can Grande della Scala

1318 Dante in Ravenna: in close contact with Guido Novello da Polenta

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