Frances Hagopian - Traditional Politics and Regime Change in Brazil

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title	:	Traditional Politics and Regime Change in Brazil Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics
author	:	Hagopian, Frances.
publisher	:	Cambridge University Press
isbn10 | asin	:	0521414296
print isbn13	:	9780521414296
ebook isbn13	:	9780511003349
language	:	English
subject	Brazil--Politics and government--1964-1985, Brazil--Politics and government--1985- , Elite (Social sciences)--Brazil, Patron and client--Brazil, Authoritarianism--Brazil.
publication date	:	1996
lcc	:	JL2481.H34 1996eb
ddc	:	320.981/09/045
subject	:	Brazil--Politics and government--1964-1985, Brazil--Politics and government--1985- , Elite (Social sciences)--Brazil, Patron and client--Brazil, Authoritarianism--Brazil.

Traditional Politics and Regime Change in Brazil

From 1964 to 1985 Brazil was governed by a military dictatorship unlike its predecessors but soon to become the model for other authoritarian regimes in South America. It attracted civilian technocrats and foreign investors to engineer an "economic miracle," and to consolidate its economic model it initiated sweeping political change that was intended to rid Brazilian society of radical social movements and the state and political system of traditional politics and elites. This study demonstrates that military aims notwithstanding, a traditional political elite has persisted in Brazil through two regime changes - one to and one from authoritarian rule. During the dictatorship, traditional politicians retained considerable power in the state governments, which were their traditional redoubts. In particular, they continued to occupy high-level appointed offices that permitted them to retain control of patronage, their most important political resource. Since the transition to democracy, as prominent Brazilian intellectuals have charged, genuine political debate has fallen victim to a restoration of the oligarchical power and clientelistic practices typical of traditional Brazilian politics. This study argues that the military project was severely constrained by the pattern of mediation between state and society that it inherited, the expansion of the state's productive, regulatory, and distributive roles that underlay its model for economic stabilization and development, and the need to marshal political support for the largely symbolic elections that it permitted as part of its strategy for governing. State-led capitalist development led to an expansion of clientelism in that it enhanced both the state's resource base and the number of clients dependent on state programs, at the same time that more competitive elections made the resort to clientelism, and the traditional politicians who could marshal votes on this basis, more compelling. By leading a negotiated transition away from authoritarian rule, traditional political elites secured prominent positions in the postauthoritarian state and political system.

Page ii CAMBRIDGE STUDIES IN COMPARATIVE POLITICS General editor PETER LANGEDuke University Associate editors ELLEN COMISSO University of California, San Diego PETER HALL Harvard University JOEL MIGDAL University of Washington HELEN MILNER Columbia University RONALD ROGOWSKI University of California, Los Angeles SIDNEY TARROW Cornell University OTHER BOOKS IN THE SERIES Catherine Boone, Merchant Capital and the Roots of State Power in Senegal, 19301985 Donatella della Porta, Social Movements, Political Violence, and the State Roberto Franzosi, The Puzzle of Strikes: Class and State Strategies in Postwar Italy Ellen Immergut, Health Politics: Interests and Institutions in Western Europe Thomas Janoski and Alexander M. Hicks, eds., The Comparative Political Economy of the Welfare State David Knoke, Franz Urban Pappi, Jeffrey Broadbent, and Yutaka Tsujinaka, eds., Comparing Policy Networks Allan Kornberg and Harold D. Clarke, Citizens and Community: Political Support in a Representative Democracy David D. Laitin, Language Repertories and State Construction in Africa Doug McAdam, John McCarthy, and Mayer Zald, Comparative Perspectives on Social Movements Joel S. Migdal, Atul Kohli, and Vivienne Shue, State Power and Social Forces: Domination and Transformation in the Third World Paul Pierson, Dismantling the Welfare State: Reagan, Thatcher, and the Politics of Retrenchment Yossi Shain and Juan Linz, Interim Governments and Democratic Transitions Theda Skocpol, Social Revolutions in the Modern World Sven Steinmo, Kathleen Thelan, and Frank Longstreth, eds., Structuring Politics: Historical Institutionalism in Comparative Analysis Sidney Tarrow, Power in Movement: Social Protest, Reform, and Revolution Ashutosh Varshney, Democracy, Development, and the Countryside

Page iii Traditional Politics and Regime Change in Brazil Frances Hagopian Tufts University

Page iv PUBLISHED BY CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY (VIRTUAL PUBLISHING) FOR AND ON BEHALF OF THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Published by the Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1RP 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia

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