Lyatkher V. - Tidal Power: Harnessing Energy from Water Currents

Tidal Power

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Phillip Carmical ()

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

ISBN 978-1-118-92091-2

Proof discussions pervade science just as much as mathematics, but by themselves (as in mathematics itself), they are not able to provide significant new knowledge about the world around us. Anything new that we learn about the world, is connected with plausible reasoning, which is the only type of reasoning that we are interested in everyday affairs.

George Polya Mathematics and plausible reasoning (English edition, 1954).

Preface

Water current power can be an important renewable energy source and is influenced by the sun, the moon or both at the same time. Their influence is shaped by the peculiarities of the earth - its motion and the presence of the atmosphere and hydrosphere. The feasibility of using renewable sources at a scale compared with major energy generators is essentially determined by:

The economic and ecological limits vary with social, political and geographic conditions. Political will, regulations, and social compliance enables this technological advance. Site location and delivery of base load RE (renewable energy) is of critical importance.

In many parts of the world, environmental constraints on energy are lowered. That allows politicians to give a decisive role to energy development associated with petroleum and radioactive material risks. With the development of social activism and potential economic changes, the emphasis on cleaner sources is increasing.

Among renewable sources taking into account their economic efficiency and environmental performance, energy use of river and ocean currents is significantly growing. The energy capability of these currents is considerably greater than the needs of humanity, even in the distant future. The economic evaluation of technologies for converting this energy should be based on a direct measurement of received energy rather than the efficiency of the generator.

The author suggests specific modern technologies for the cost-effective use of tidal, and river power without creating a waterfront. In some regions, for example, in the Kola Peninsula, Kamchatca, Kuril Islands as well as in the other northern and eastern Russia, it is possible that the cost-effective use of tidal and rivers power in advanced grids, or in complexes with hydrogen production, can provide a universal source of energy.

We propose new technological methods of energy conversion, which create acceptable cost-effectiveness of systems and increase their investment attractiveness.

The following energy production methods are emphasized, with the appropriate use of new structural and technological solutions for each of them, to provide a low cost per installed kilowatt of power and a low cost of power production.

- Tidal current energy use without the creation of a waterfront and the cutting off the tidal basin from the sea such as with tidal barrages, but with the provision (if necessary) of guaranteed basic system components

- The use of river power without dams or a disruption to ship traffic, which introduces variability of current speeds as the regulating factor of river energy production

- Production and transportation of liquid hydrogen, with special piping in conjunction with superconducting channels of transmission.

The development of these areas can meet the energy needs of much of the world at a reasonable cost, without environmental damage, the unnecessary increase in global risk made by intensive nuclear power plant construction or the increased rate of hydrocarbon combustion.

Earlier results are covered in some Russian books by the author, Renewable power. Effective decisions., M.-Izewsk: 2011, 172 p., Technical and economic bases of the accelerated development of wind power, M: 1990, 67 p., Wind power stations of big power"-M: 1987, 72 p. The same general calculation and testing problems are discussed in the authors new book in English Wind Power. Turbine Design, Selection, and Optimization, 2013, p.311.

Traditional tidal power plants (TPP-tidal barrages) result in a complete separation of a sea from a gulf in order to create one or several power producing reservoirs [1]. Such systems have a number of fundamental flaws, which hamper the development of this energy industry.

• All projects require the building of dams and other hydro-technical construction, which cut off the TPP basin from the sea. The existence of this kind of front noticeably changes the ecological situation in the basin.
• The existence of a head front (dams and head construction) defines an often unfavorable system of finance where it is necessary to completely finish the building (and completely pay for all required work) and only after will the station begin to generate energy and return capital investments.