Karl H. Schlesier - Josanies War: A Chiricahua Apache Novel (American Indian Literature and Critical Studies Series)

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title	:	Josanie's War : A Chiricahua Apache Novel American Indian Literature and Critical Studies Series ; V. 27
author	:	Schlesier, Karl H.
publisher	:	University of Oklahoma Press
isbn10 | asin	:	0806130652
print isbn13	:	9780806130651
ebook isbn13	:	9780585169880
language	:	English
subject	Chiricahua Indians--Fiction, Apache Indians--Wars, 1883-1886--Fiction, Reservation Indians--Arizona--History--Fiction, West (U.S.)--History--1860-1890--Fiction, Historical fiction.
publication date	:	1998
lcc	:	PS3569.C5128J67 1998eb
ddc	:	813/.54
subject	:	Chiricahua Indians--Fiction, Apache Indians--Wars, 1883-1886--Fiction, Reservation Indians--Arizona--History--Fiction, West (U.S.)--History--1860-1890--Fiction, Historical fiction.

Page i American Indian Literature And Critical Studies Series Gerald Vizenor and Louis Owens, General Editors

Page iii Josanie's War

Page iv Other books by Karl H. Schlesier Nonfiction The Wolves of Heaven: Cheyenne Shamanism, Ceremonies, and Prehistoric Origins (Norman, 1987) Plains Indians,A.D. 5001500: The Archaeological Past of Historic Groups (Norman, 1994)

Page v Josanie's War A Chiricahua Apache Novel by Karl H. Schlesier UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA PRESS Norman

Page vi Though some historical materials with notes are included, this is a work of fiction. Names, characters, places, and incidents are either the product of the author's imagination or are used fictitiously, and any resemblance to actual events, locales, or persons, living or dead, is entirely coincidental. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Schlesier, Karl H. Josanie's war: a Chiricahua Apache novel / by Karl H. Schlesier. p. cm. (American Indian literature and critical studies series; v. 27) ISBN 0-8061-3065-2 1. Chiricahua IndiansFiction. I. Title. II. Series PS3569.C5128J671998 813'.54dc21 98-6212 CIP Josanie's War: A Chiricahua Apache Novel is Volume 27 in the AMERICAN INDIAN LITERATURE AND CRITICAL STUDIES SERIES. The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources, Inc. Copyright 1998 by the University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Publishing Division of the University. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the U.S.A. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Page vii To Iszndle-s and Tbshi-scinn, who may still be listening, even if I misspell their names. And for Claire.

Page viii The white man makes two wars. One to kill us. And one to make sure no one will remember. Black Kettle, Cheyenne chief, 1867

Page ix Introduction On May 17, 1885, five small bands of Chiricahua Apaches left their camps on Turkey Creek, seventeen miles southwest of Fort Apache, Arizona, and fled the reservation. Three of these bands were of the old Chokonen division of the tribe, led by Chihuahua, Naiche, and Geronimo. The other two bands were of the old Chihenne, or Warm Springs, division of the tribe, led by Nana and Mangus. Together they numbered 35 men, 8 boys tagged by reservation officials as subadults capable of bearing arms, and 101 women and children. Charles F. Lummis, a journalist who accompanied the commanding officer of the Department of Arizona, Brigadier General George Crook, during some of his attempts to recapture or kill these Apaches, called them "the deadliest fighting handful in the calendar of man." These Chiricahua men, women, and children were the same who had surrendered to Crook in the Sierra Madre of Mexico on May 20, 1883, after they had been worn down by constant warfare against them on both sides of the border. For two years they had lived without fear of imminent death, but they had paid a heavy price for it. With the surrender they relinquished any hope of ever keeping for themselves a fraction of the great and wealthy country that they had held and defended for many generations, through the Spanish and Mexican periods and into the American period. Originally mountain people, they had been imprisoned on sun-drenched, disease-infected desert lands that were foreign to them. They had been subjected to rules considered unlawful anywhere outside the reservation boundaries. Every aspect of their culture and religion had been assaulted by civilian and military authorities. Corrupt reservation officials had become rich by defrauding them. They had seen many of their people die of European-introduced diseases and of starvation. None of the solemn promises made by the government had been kept. Slowly, life on the reservation had become intolerable; the human spirit was dying.

Page x When they broke away from bondage and misery once again, they knew what storm their flight would cause. Within days every trail above and below the border with Mexico would be examined by Indian scouts guiding cavalry and infantry regiments in order to find and destroy them. The only other beings that inspired a similar hatred on the mining and cattle frontier were the wolf and the grizzly bear. It is true, of course, that these and the Chiricahua Apaches belonged to a world as the Creator had made it and had meant it to remain. That is how the world is explained in sacred Chiricahua ceremonies.

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