Britains War Against the Slave Trade
Britains War Against the Slave Trade
The Operations of the Royal Navys West Africa Squadron 18071867
Anthony Sullivan
First published in Great Britain in 2020 by
Frontline Books
An imprint of
Pen & Sword Books Ltd
Yorkshire Philadelphia
Copyright Anthony Sullivan 2020
ISBN 978 1 52671 793 1
eISBN 978 1 52671 795 5
Mobi ISBN 978 1 52671 794 8
The right of Anthony Sullivan to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
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Contents
Index
Maps
Drawings
Acknowledgements
Iwould like to thank the staff of the National Archives, Kew, for their assistance whilst researching this book. The online British Newspaper Archive was also a valuable source of information as were the digitised Papers Presented To Parliament detailing the operations of various Mixed-Commission and Vice-Admiralty courts (including those at St Helena not eaten by termites!).
Since the release of Christopher Lloyds The Navy and the Slave Trade in 1949 there has been surprisingly little written about the Royal Navys six-decade-long suppression campaign and I am indebted to Peter Grindal for his recent, meticulously researched work, Opposing the Slavers. Other authors whose work I found most useful include Leslie Bethell, Bernard Edwards, Jenny S. Martinez, Andrew Pearson and Sin Rees. Finally, I would like to thank all at Pen and Sword Books, especially John Grehan for initially suggesting the project and Lisa Hoosan and Stephen Chumbley for their help in the preparation of this book.
Excerpts from Opposing the Slavers are Grindal, P. 2016, Opposing the Slavers: The Royal Navys Campaign against the Atlantic Slave Trade, I.B. Tauris, used by permission of Bloomsbury Publishing Ltd. Excerpts from Royal Navy Versus the Slave Traders are Edwards, B. Royal Navy Versus the Slave Traders: Enforcing Abolition at Sea 18081898 (Pen and Sword Books, 2007). Excerpts from Sweet Water and Bitter are Sin Rees 2009, Sweet Water and Bitter: The Ships that Stopped the Slave Trade, first published in Great Britain by Chatto & Windus in 2009.
Glossary
aft: | To the rear of a vessel. |
amidships: | The central part of the ship. |
athwart: | At right angles to the ships centreline. |
barque: | A vessel with three or more masts. The aft mast fore-and-aft rigged, the others square rigged. |
beak: | Projection at head of a ship beneath the bowsprit, to which is attached the ships figurehead. |
beam: | The width of the ship. |
bear: | To turn relative to the direction of the wind; i.e. bear to or bear away from the wind. |
beat: | To sail into the wind by repeatedly tacking. |
bowsprit: | A spar projecting forward from the bows upon which yards can be set. |
brig: | A vessel with two square-rigged masts. |
brig-sloop: | A two-masted sailing vessel, square rigged on both masts. |
brigantine: | A two-masted vessel, the aft mast fore-and-aft rigged. |
broad pennant: | A long, swallow-tailed flag flown by a commodore. |
bulkhead: | Internal partition in a vessel. |
burthen: | Internal volume of a ship. |
cable: | (i) Strong, heavy rope. (ii) Measure of distance, 200 yards. |
careen: | To heave a ship down onto her side by her masts for cleaning. |
chains: | Narrow platforms that provided a fixing point for the rigging outside the hull of the ship. |
commodore: | Senior captain placed in command of a squadron or division. |
cordage: | Rope or rigging. |
cutter: | A single-masted vessel with more than one forward set fore-and-aft rigged sail. |
draught: | Depth of water in which a ship floats. |
fathom: | 6ft. |
felucca: | A small, two-masted Mediterranean vessel used for coastal trading, sometimes also equipped with oars. |
fish: | A long piece of timber lashed to a mast or yard to strengthen it. |
flagship: | Ship of the officer in command of a squadron or fleet, and flying his flag. |
fleet: | Several squadrons of ships combined under the command of a single officer. |
forecastle: | Originally castellated, the structure at the front of the ship around the foremast. |
foremast: | Furthest-forward mast on a ship with two or more masts. |
frigate: | Single-decked, square-rigged warship. Fast sailing and lightly armed. |