Paul Halpern - Flashes of Creation: George Gamow, Fred Hoyle, and the Great Big Bang Debate

T HANKS TO THE FACULTY, ADMINISTRATION, AND STAFF OF U NIVERSITY of the Sciences for their continued encouragement, including Paul Katz, Jill Baren, Vojislava Pophristic, Elia Eschenazi, Jessie Taylor, and the other members of the Department of Math, Physics, and Statistics.

Many thanks to Igor and Elfriede Gamow, Elizabeth Jeanne Hoyle Butler, Geoffrey Hoyle, Sarah Burbidge, P. James E. Peebles, Robert W. Wilson, Arno A. Penzias, Kenneth C. Turner, Robert Wagoner, Jayant Narlikar, Donald Clayton, Stanford E. Woosley, Wendy Teller, Joanne Page, Cormac ORaifeartaigh, Nicholas Booth, George Pothering, and the late Freeman Dyson for sharing their fascinating recollections. Thanks also to Nancy Dicke Rapoport, John Rapoport, Chandra Wickramasinghe, Adam Crothers, Kathryn McKee, Anita Hollier, Virginia Trimble, Alan Chodos, David Cassidy, Brian Keating, Lyman Page, Bruce Partridge, Rainer Weiss, Ashutosh Jogalekar, Joseph Martin, Diana Kormos-Buchwald, Alberto Martinez, and the late E. Margaret Burbidge.

I deeply appreciate the preceding research in the history of cosmology and all of the libraries and archives that offered me assistance with this project, including St. Johns College Library, Cambridge; Princeton University Library Special Collections Rare Books Division; the George Washington University Special Collections Research Center; the Library of Congress; the Niels Bohr Archives in Copenhagen; and the CERN Archive in Meyrin, Switzerland.

I offer my sincere appreciation to Elfriede and Igor Gamow, representing the Gamow Estate, for permission to quote from George Gamows correspondence, and to Nancy Dicke Rapoport for permission to quote from Robert H. Dickes correspondence.

Many thanks to the extraordinary editorial staff at Basic Books, including TJ Kelleher and Eric Henney, and to my wonderful agent, Giles Anderson of the Anderson Literary Agency.

Thanks to my friends for their encouragement, including Fred Schuepfer, Pam Quick, Michael Erlich, Mari Errico, Simone Zelitch, Doug Buchholz, Lisa Tenzin-Dolma, Lindsey Poole, Greg Smith, Frank Cross, Mitchell and Wendy Kaltz, Mark Singer, Michal Meyer, Bob Jantzen, Boris Briker, and Kris Olson. Above all, my deep appreciation to my family for their support and advice, including Stanley Halpern, Arlene Finston, Eli Halpern, Thessaly McFall, Aden Halpern, and Felicia Hurewitz.

UNIVERSITY OF THE SCIENCES

Paul Halpern is a professor of physics at the University of the Sciences in Philadelphia and the author of seventeen popular science books, most recently Synchronicity, The Quantum Labyrinth, and Einsteins Dice and Schrdingers Cat. He lives near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

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