David B. Quinn - The English New England Voyages, 1602–1608

Edited by David B. Quinn and Alison M. Quinn

First published by Ashgate Publishing

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Founded in 1846, the Hakluyt Society seeks to advance knowledge and education by the publication of scholarly editions of primary records of voyages, travels and other geographical material. In partnership with Ashgate, and using print-on-demand and e-book technology, the Society has made re-available all 290 volumes comprised in Series I and Series II of its publications in both print and digital editions. For information about the Hakluyt Society visit www.hakluyt.com.

ISBN 13: 978-0-904180-14-5 (hbk)

THE ENGLISH NEW ENGLAND VOYAGES

SECOND SERIES
NO. 161

COUNCIL AND OFFICERS, 1982-83

PRESIDENT
Professor D. B. QUINN

VICE-PRESIDENTS

Professor K. R. ANDREWS

Professor C. F. BECKINGHAM

Professor C. R. BOXER, F.B.A.

Dr E. S. DE BEER, C.B.E., F.B.A.

Sir GILBERT LAITHWAITE, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., K.C.I.E., C.S.I.

Professor GLYNDWR WILLIAMS

COUNCIL ( with date of election )

Dr K. R. ANDREWS (1978)

Dr J. R. BOCKSTOCE (1978)

P. R. COTTRELL (1978)

A. S. COOK (1982)

Professor J. S. CUMMINS (1980)

Commander A. C. F. DAVID (1981)

Professor P. E. H. HAIR (1979)

Professor P. J. MARSHALL (1979)

Dr H. C. PORTER (1978)

Royal Commonwealth Society (D. H. SIMPSON, 1980)

Royal Geographical Society (Mrs DOROTHY MIDDLETON)

Dr G. V. SCAMMELL (1981)

Mrs ANN SHIRLEY (1980)

Dr SUSAN SKILLITER (1982)

Sir HAROLD SMEDLEY, K.C.M.G., M.B.E. (1981)

M. F. STRACHAN, C.B.E. (1979)

Mrs SARAH TYACKE (1982)

G. H. WEBB (1982)

TRUSTEES
Dr E. S. DE BEER, C.B.E., F.B.A.
Sir PHILIP HAY, K.C.V.O., T.D.
Sir GILBERT LAITHWAITE, G.C.M.G., K.C.B,, K.C.I.E., C.S.I.
H. H. L. SMITH

HONORARY TREASURER
J. F. MAGGS

HONORARY SECRETARIES
Dr T. E. ARMSTRONG, Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge CB2 1ER
Professor EILA M. J. CAMPBELL, Birkbeck College, London WC1E 7HX

HONORARY SECRETARIES FOR OVERSEAS

Australia: D. MCD. HUNT, The State Library of N.S.W., MacQuarie Street, Sydney, N.S.W. 2000

Canada: Professor J. B. BIRD, McGill University, Montreal

India: Dr S. GOPAL, Historical Division, Ministry of External Affairs, 3 Man Singh Road, New Delhi

South Africa: Dr F. R. BRADLOW, 205 Fairbairn House, 140 St George's Street, Cape Town 8001

New Zealand: J. E. TRAUE, The Alexander Turnbull Library, P.O. Box 12-349, Wellington C.1

U.S.A.: R. ARMSTRONG, Boston Athenaeum, 10 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass. 02108

ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
Mrs ALEXA BARROW, Hakluyt Society, c/o The Map Library, The British
Library, Reference Division, Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG

THE ENGLISH NEW ENGLAND VOYAGES 1602-1608

Edited by DAVID B. QUINN and ALISON M. QUINN

THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY LONDON 1983

The Hakluyt Society 1983
ISBN 0 904180 14 X

Printed in Great Britain a t the University Press, Cambridge

Published by the Hakluyt Society c/o The Step Library, British Library Reference Division London WC1B 3DG

The English voyages to what was, from 1616, known as New England form a continuous sequence of discovery voyages from 1602 to 1606, and proceed from that to exploration and settlement in 16071608. They were distinct from one another and their paths did not, until 1606, cross to any great extent. The voyages of 16021605 were easy-going summery affairs, which nevertheless open our eyes to the first sight by Englishmen of shores which were to become significant for settlement from 1620 onwards. It is ironic that we should know relatively so much about them and so little about the final discovery voyage of 1606 as well as the settlement and exploration which followed in the last two years of the series. To Englishmen at the time these ventures were new and original. They overlapped only once with the more systematic exploration of the same coasts which Samuel de Champlain was making during the years 16041607. No attempt has been made here to integrate the two series of voyages but a determined effort has been made to see what indeed the English saw, recorded, and accumulated about the areas they discovered. This was quite a substantial amount and tracing it has occupied the editors intermittently, and mainly in summer time too, over the past generation. The John Carter Brown Library has been our base on most occasions and Lawrence C. Wroth, Thomas R. Adams, Jr., and Jeannette Black our mentors. In the earliest visits which the male partner made he depended much on Walter and Jane Whitehill and more on Warner F. Gookin at Edgartown. On later visits he owed more to Wendell S. and Susan Hadlock at Rockland (and we both continued our visits until 1978) and to S. E. Morison at East Harbor. When both of us spent some time together at Providence we were able to visit most of the sites the English visited, some changed utterly and many still, it would appear, very little altered. In later times we had hospitable help from Woods Hole Oceanographic Center and from the Gray Herbarium at Harvard as well as from the great libraries of Harvard University. On other occasions William F. Royall and Francis Jennings went out of their way to enable us to get to places we would otherwise not have visited. The Dukes County Historical Society under various Directors has been a constant source of help; Maine Historical Society at Portland, the Whaling Museum at New Bedford, Bronson Museum at Attleboro and the Rhode Island Historical Society assisted also. A host of ethnographers and anthropologists at the Peabody Museum in Harvard, the Peabody Museum at Andover, Gordon M. Day before and after his migration to the Museum of Man, Ottawa, and latterly members of the Smithsonian Institution far away in Washington (where our base was the Folger Library) have given specialist advice and help. Of these we wish to mention especially Wilcomb E. Washburn, William C. Sturtevant, Ives Goddard, and Mrs Waldo Wedel, but we owe much to many others as well. Dean S. Snow brought invaluable help on the Eastern Abenaki. Andrew J. Wahll came along at a late stage with new views on the 1607 colony site. Our American debts have been very great indeed, and we cannot hope to acknowledge them all. Lawrence and Eleanor Smith gave us encouragement and support at Philadelphia and Wolfs Neck to enable us to see Maine and to go on with our work in England. In England we worked especially closely with Helen Wallis and Paul Hulton both at a time when there was one British Museum and when there was a British Library, Reference Division, as well. The Public Record Office and Lambeth Palace Library in London and the Bodleian Library at Oxford gave us invaluable assistance, as did the 5th Marquess of Salisbury and his archivist Clare Talbot at Hatfield. Sir Henry Hanham and his sister at Dene House, Wimborne, in vain did all they could to locate the lost Hanham journal. We visited many county and city record offices in the search for materials and it will be clear that at Bristol we had the benefit of the great knowledge of Elizabeth Ralph and particular assistance too at both Plymouth and Exeter Libraries, as well as at the Lancashire County Record Office, Preston. We were doing many other things too while making our rounds, but we kept accumulating materials on these voyages so that what is given here is a rather arbitrary selection from a much larger mass. Whether we made the right choices remains to be seen. The experience of trying to see the new country through the eyes of its discoverers has been a happy one and we shall miss their company by bringing it to an end.