P. Kershasp - Studies in Ancient Persian History (RLE Iran A)

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ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS:
IRAN

STUDIES IN ANCIENT PERSIAN
HISTORY

STUDIES IN ANCIENT PERSIAN
HISTORY

P. KERSHASP

Volume 7

First published in 1905

This edition first published in 2011
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN

Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

1905 Kegan Paul, Trench, Trbner & Co. Ltd

Printed and bound in Great Britain

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN 13: 978-0-415-57033-6 (Set)
eISBN 13: 978-0-203-83010-9 (Set)
ISBN 13: 978-0-415-60843-5 (Volume 7)
eISBN 13: 978-0-203-83317-9 (Volume 7)

Publisher's Note
The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent.

Disclaimer
The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and would welcome correspondence from those they have been unable to trace.

STUDIES IN
ANCIENT PERSIAN
HISTORY

BY

P. KERSHASP

INDIAN CIVIL SERVICE

LONDON
KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRBNER & CO. LTD

DRYDEN HOUSE, GERRARD STREET, W.
1905

The rights of translation and of reproduction are reserved

Printed by BALLANTYNK, HANSON & Co.

At the Ballantyne Press

CONTENTS

Objects of the book

Comments on Gibbon, Malcolm, and Rawlinson

On Browne's Literary History, and Richardson

Training of Arab and Persian writers in general, and

Nature of questions discussed in the book

Brief abstract of ancient Persian history

Division of the book into sections, and their headings

Mahomedan chroniclers judged

Absence of patriotism in Mahomedan writers

Firdausi's summersault

Attitude of present-day Persia

Agitation of the eleventh century

Mirkhond's canons of historical criticism

Disqualifications of Arab writers

Of Moslem writers in general

Detailed analysis of the merits and demerits of Persian and Arabic histories

II
GREEK AND LATIN AUTHORS

English, German, and French modes of writing Oriental
History criticised

Contradictions among Greek writers

Greek sentiments towards Asiatics

De Gobineau on Herodotus

Design of Herodotus in writing his book

Greek accounts of the alleged Persian invasions scrutinised
and disproved

Richardson on the two invasions

III
CHARACTER AND CIVILISATION OF THE
ANCIENT PERSIANS COMPARED WITH
THOSE OF OTHER NATIONS

The truth about Greek and Latin learning

H. Spencer on the Greeks and their character

The classicists and Mahafry on Greek characteristics

Mahaffy and Merivale on Roman characteristics

Fascination of Persian character

Mahaffy on Persian character

Greeks and Persians contrasted

Remarks on the Hellenising of Asia contemplated by Alexander
the Great

Authoritative opinions on the Byzantine Empire

Nldeke's comparisons of Roman and Persian civilisations refuted

Persian morals under the Sassanian Empire

The influences which brought about the European Renaissance

Constitutents of the Sassanian culture

The parentage of Moslem sciences and Renaissance to be traced to the Sassanian learning

Futility of classical learning, and its retardation of progress in Europe

Moorish civilisation in Spain

Spencer's final judgment on the Eastern civilisations

IV
THE HEROIC AGE OF PERSIA

Superficial views of Rawlinson and Browne

Facts disentangled by Malcolm

The genuine historical basis of the heroic period

Explanation of the gaps and defects in Persian traditions

Authenticity of Pehlavi records

Greek omission of pre-Achemenian dynasties of no consequence

Professor Sayce on modern research in its bearing on Greek treatment of Oriental history

The richness of Persian material for history

Superiority of Persian history to Greek

Spencer's principles applied to the interpretation of Persian legends

Gobineau's systematisation of legendary history

Uses and meaning of tradition

V
PERSIAN CHIVALRY AND ITS INFLUENCES

Cornish on European chivalry

Malcolm's view of Persian chivalry

A succinct sketch of the manners of the heroic age and of the chiefs of Seistan

Firdausi's portraiture of Bizun

A humane custom

Love episodes of the Shahnameh

Exploits of Rustom and Isfandyar

Arab and Persian influences on European manners and

Persian fiction in its relation to mediaeval romances.

Persian ascendency over the Arabs

Firdausi's picture has no connection with contemporary

The Romance literature of Europe classified

Arabs early acquainted with Persian history

Moslem manners and religion hostile to chivalrous sentiments

VI
NAUSHIRWAN THE JUST

Fallacies propos of Oriental despotism

Characteristics of Western despots

Mahomedan despots largely guilty of atrocities.

Some absurdities of Western Pandits

Naushirwan's marvellous and many-sided personality

The spirit of his rule

His administrative policy and internal arrangements.

Encouragement of education and agriculture

His system of taxation

His land-revenue policy

His military reforms and patronage of learning

The school at Jund-i-Shahpoor and its invaluable services

Naushirwan's legislative activity and scheme of colonisation

His generosity and vigorous government

He was no tyrant

Character and falsehoods of Procopius

Naushirwan's treatment of his brothers

His moderation and self-control

Nldeke's calumnies refuted

No dissimulation about Naushirwan

The defensive character of his wars

His claims to the title Just

Naushirwan's and eighteenth-century laws compared

His reputation thoroughly deserved

What is justice?

Ancient democracies and absolutism

The quality of Sassanian justice

Some extreme measures of Naushirwan vindicated

His philosophic attainments

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