William Wordsworth - The Prelude

PENGUIN ENGLISH POETS
GENERAL EDITOR: CHRISTOPHER RICKS

THE PRELUDE
THE FOUR TEXTS (1798, I799, 1805, 1850)

WILLIAM WORDSWORTH was born in the Lake District in April 1770, and died there eighty years later on 23 April 1850. He had three brothers and a sister, Dorothy, to whom throughout his life he was especially close. When she was six and he was nearly eight, their mother died. Dorothy was sent away to be brought up by relatives and a year later William was sent to Hawkshead Grammar School, scene of the great childhood episodes of The Prelude.

Wordsworth was cared for in lodgings and led a life of exceptional freedom, roving over the fells that surrounded the village. The death of his father, agent to the immensely powerful landowner Sir James Lowther, broke in on this happiness when he was thirteen, but did not halt the education through nature that complemented his Hawks-head studies and became the theme of his poetry.

As an undergraduate at Cambridge Wordsworth travelled (experiencing the French Revolution at first hand) and wrote poetry. His twenties were spent as a wanderer, in France, Wales, London, the Lakes, Dorset and Germany. In France he fathered a child whom he did not meet until she was nine because of the War. In 1795 he was reunited with Dorothy, and met Coleridge, with whom he published Lyrical Ballads in 1798, and to whom he addressed The Prelude, his epic study of human consciousness.

In the last days of the century Wordsworth and Dorothy found a settled home at Dove Cottage, Grasmere. Here Wordsworth wrote much of his best-loved poetry, and Dorothy her famous Journals. In 1802 Wordsworth married Dorothys closest friend, Mary Hutchinson.

Gradually he established himself as the great poet of his age, a turning-point coming with the collected edition of 1815. From 1813 Wordsworth and his family lived at Rydal Mount in the neighbouring valley to Grasmere. In 1843 he became Poet Laureate.

JONATHAN WORDSWORTH, descended from the poets younger brother Christopher, Master of Trinity, Cambridge, is Chairman of the Wordsworth Trust, Grasmere, University Lecturer in Romantic Studies at Oxford, and a Fellow of St Catherines. He has edited much of Wordsworths poetry, and more than one hundred titles in the Woodstock Facsimile series Revolution and Romanticism. He is author of The Music of Humanity, The Borders of Vision, Ancestral Voices and Visionary Gleam.

WILLIAM WORDSWORTH

THE FOUR TEXTS (1798, I799, 1805, 1850)

Edited by JONATHAN WORDSWORTH

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This edition published 1995
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Introductory matter, Notes and Afterword, copyright Jonathan Wordsworth, 1995
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The moral right of the editor has been asserted

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