The
EVERYTHING
Guide to Writing Research Papers
Dear Reader:
Is this your first research paper? I can clearly remember the first research paper I worked on. I had no idea that I was supposed to be doing anything different than I had done for previous reports, so I sailed through and eventually handed in what I thought was a wonderful paper. Then it was graded and I got a C.
What a shock! If I had done some background reading, or if I had really been paying attention to what my instructor was saying, I might have realized that there is much more to it. Ive forgotten the topic of that paper, but I will always remember getting that big red C when I thought deserved an A.
Maybe youre in the same circumstance. Maybe youve already done one or more research papers but you seem to be missing something. The grades on your papers are never as high as you are capable of getting. If thats the case, this book is for you.
Whether you read through all of it or just the parts that answer your specific questions, youll be able to fill in the missing pieces in your next research paperand maybe earn that A!
The EVERYTHING Series
Editorial
Publishing Director | Gary M. Krebs |
Associate Managing Editor | Laura M. Daly |
Copy Chief | Brett Palana-Shanahan |
Acquisitions Editor | Gina Chaimanis |
Development Editor | Luann Rouff |
Production Editor | Casey Ebert |
Production
Director of Manufacturing & Technology | Susan Beale |
Associate Director of Production | Michelle Roy Kelly |
Series Designers | Daria Perreault |
Colleen Cunningham John Paulhus |
Cover Design | Paul Beatrice Matt LeBlanc |
Layout and Graphics | Colleen Cunningham Holly Curtis Erin Dawson Sorae Lee |
Series Cover Artist | Barry Littmann |
Visit the entire Everything Series at www.everything.com
THE
GUIDE TO
WRITING
RESEARCH PAPERS
Ace your next project with
step-by-step expert advice!
Cathy Spalding
Copyright 2005, F+W Publications, Inc. All rights reserved.
This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced
in any form without permission from the publisher; exceptions
are made for brief excerpts used in published reviews.
An Everything Series Book.
Everything and everything.com are registered trademarks of F+W Publications, Inc.
Published by Adams Media, an F+W Publications Company
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www.adamsmedia.com
ISBN 10: 1-59337-422-4
ISBN 13: 978-1-593-37422-8
Printed in the United States of America.
J I H G F E D C B A
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Spalding, Cathy.
The everything guide to writing research papers / Cathy Spalding.
p. cm. (An everything series book)
Includes bibliographical references.
1. Report writingHandbooks, manuals, etc. 2. ResearchHandbooks,
manuals, etc. I. Title. II. Series: Everything series.
LB2369.S6295 2005
371.30281dc22
2005015481
This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information with regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional advice. If legal advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought.
From a Declaration of Principles jointly adopted by a Committee of the
American Bar Association and a Committee of Publishers and Associations
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book and Adams Media was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters.
This book is available at quantity discounts for bulk purchases.
For information, please call 1-800-289-0963.
To Mom and Dad, for teaching me to follow my dreams.
Contents
A cknowledgments
Writing a book at first appears to be a solitary pursuit, but there is a whole group of people behind this project. Without their encouragement, support, and information, this book would not be possible. To Trevor, Tanner, Miranda, Alanna, and Heather for holding down the fort while I was otherwise occupied. To Pat and Mike for the football game diversion, and to Denise and June each for their morning with the munchkin.
The many people who patiently answered questions and offered suggestions have been a huge help to me. Specifically, to Wendy for helping me understand what goes on behind a library desk. To Ann Riedling for sending professional advice on plagiarism and Web site evaluation. And finally to Barb, my agent, and Gina, my editor, for giving me the opportunity to write this, answering my questions whenever I asked, giving me constructive feedback, and offering encouragement. You had confidence in my abilities even when I had doubts, and I am grateful for that. The guidance you offered in walking me through the process of writing this, my first book, was beyond the call of duty.
Top Ten Research Paper Topics
Attention Deficit DisorderIs Attention Deficit Disorder overdiagnosed today? Is it just an excuse for poor parenting and a way to get unnecessary drugs, or is there a real crisis?
College Students and Credit CardsWhy do so many credit card companies market to college students? Do students really have a need for credit when they dont generally have an income?
Drugs and AthletesHow strong is the pressure on athletes to use performance-enhancing drugs? Is the problem better or worse than commonly thought?
Eating DisordersWhat causes eating disorders in teens? Is anyone ever really cured for good?
High-School DropoutsWhich famous people were high-school dropouts? Are there the same career opportunities for dropouts nowadays?
Global WarmingIs global warming caused by humans, or is it part of a natural cycle of events? Is everything being done that can be done to slow global warming?
Identity TheftHow do thieves go about stealing someone elses identity? What can happen to you if someone steals yours?
Rising College TuitionHow do college tuitions today compare with those in the past? What is the forecast for tuition increases?
Students CheatingHow many students cheat on tests and assignments? Is the problem getting worse?
. Vehicles Powered by ElectricityWhat are the limitations of electric-powered vehicles? Will this technology evolve enough to take over from gas-powered vehicles?
Introduction