Conrad Fischer MD - Master the Boards USMLE Step 3

Master the Boards USMLE Step 2 CK

USMLE Step 3 Lecture Notes

Dr. Pestanas Surgery Notes

USMLE is a joint program of the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME), neither of which sponsors or endorses this product.

This publication is designed to provide accurate information in regard to the subject matter covered as of its publication date, with the understanding that knowledge and best practice constantly evolve. The publisher is not engaged in rendering medical, legal, accounting, or other professional service. If medical or legal advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. This publication is not intended for use in clinical practice or the delivery of medical care. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the Editors assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising out of or related to any use of the material contained in this book.

2018 by Conrad Fischer, MD

Obstetrics and Gynecology sections edited by Victoria Hastings, MD

Surgery, Pediatrics, and Psychiatry sections edited by Niket Sonpal, MD

Images courtesy of Conrad Fischer, MD, unless otherwise noted

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ISBN: 978-1-5062-3588-2

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To the Reader,

This book represents the consolidation of 25 years in the classroom teaching Step 3. You can be fully confident that you have, in one volume EVERYTHING you need to do well on Step 3.

To Edmund Bourke, MD,

My Fearless Leader, teacher, and protector these many years. Dr. Bourke represents the best compilation of a Gentleman Scholar, lifelong student, and teacher. A wise counselor and loyal friend. I dedicate this book to a man for all seasons whose kindness spills over onto all who are in contact with him. Oh, for a muse of fire!

Conrad Fischer, MD

To my mom and dad,

Without whose support and sacrifice I would not be where I am today.

Niket Sonpal, MD

To my husband,

Who lifts me up and pushes me to achieve great things.

Victoria Hastings, DO, MPH, MS

To Conrad Fischer,

Thank you for always believing in me and pushing me to my limits. For always helping me succeed and reach my goals. I wouldnt be here without your guidance and mentorship. Thank you from the bottom of my heart.

Elizabeth August, MD

kaptest.com/publishing

The material in this book is up-to-date at the time of publication. However, the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) may have instituted changes in the test after this book was published. Be sure to carefully read the materials you receive when you register for the test. If there are any important late-breaking developmentsor any changes or corrections to the Kaplan test preparation materials in this bookwe will post that information online at kaptest.com/publishing.

The authors wish to recognize the excellent support of David Rose, MD, Chair of Medicine at Brookdale, and the administrative and emotional support of Ms. Juliette Akal.

The authors also wish to recognize the contributions of the following peer reviewers:

• Cardiology: Hal Chadow
• Infectious Disease: Richard Cofsky
• Endocrinology: Chris Paras
• Pulmonology: Ehizode Udevbulu, Marium Khan
• Rheumatology: Marium Khan
• Hematology: Hamza Minhas
• Gastroenterology: Niket Sonpal
• Neurology: Arthur Kay
• Nephrology: Sam Spitalowitz
• Oncology: Hamza Minhas
• Preventive Medicine: Herman Lebovitch
• Surgery: Ravi Kothuru
• Obstetrics and Gynecology: Victoria Hastings
• Psychiatry: Jason Hershberger

Conrad Fischer, MD, is director of the residency program at Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center and associate professor of physiology, pharmacology, and medicine at Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine in New York City. He teaches USMLE Steps 1, 2, and 3, Internal Medicine Board Review and Attending Recertification, and USMLE Step 1 Physiology.

Niket Sonpal, MD, is assistant program director of internal medicine residency at Brookdale Hospital Medical Center in Brooklyn and associate professor at Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine in New York City. He is a fellow of the American College of Physicians, a practicing gastroenterologist and hepatologist focusing on mens health and womens health, and co-author of the best-selling books Master the Boards: USMLE Step 2 CK and Master the Boards: USMLE Step 3. Dr. Sonpal teaches USMLE, COMLEX, and American Board of Internal Medicine review.

Victoria Hastings, DO, MPH, MS, is a resident physician in obstetrics and gynecology at New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital. She received her master of public health degree in biostatistics and epidemiology from Saint Louis University and her doctorate in osteopathic medicine with a master of science from NYIT College of Medicine. She is section editor of the obstetrics and gynecology chapters in Master the Boards: USMLE Step 2 CK. She teaches obstetrics, gynecology, and biostatistics for USMLE Steps 1, 2, and 3.

Previous contributions by Sonia Reichert, MD, and Elizabeth August, MD.

The USMLE Step 3 is the last in a series of 3 USMLE examinations that all physicians applying for a license to practice medicine in the United States are required to pass. After successfully completing the 3 steps of the USMLE, a physician is eligible to practice medicine in an independent, unsupervised setting (some period of U.S. postgraduate training is also required).

This test is not merely a more advanced and detailed version of the Step 2 CK or CS exams. Understanding this concept is key to this challenging exam. Step 3 tests whether a physician not only can assimilate data and diagnose clinical conditions but also has acquired the ability to make clinical decisions about patient management in a way that ensures appropriate management in an unsupervised setting. In addition, Step 3 will test your understanding of basic science correlations.