Engelhardt - McGraw-Hill Education Essential Vocabulary for the TOEFL Test

Also by Diane Engelhardt:

Practice Makes Perfect: Intermediate English Reading and Comprehension

Practice Makes Perfect: Advanced English Reading and Comprehension

Perfect Phrases for ESL: Conversation Skills

Copyright 2015 by Diane Engelhardt. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

ISBN: 978-0-07-182703-4

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T he exact number of words in the English language can be estimated at anywhere between 171,476 words in current use (contained in the Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition) and 988,968 words according to Global Language Monitor. Among these are:

Nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs

Exclamations, interjections, and prepositions

Prefixes and suffixes

Words of foreign origin

Obsolete and archaic words

Academic words

Technical, medical, scientific, legal, business, and other jargon that is specific to a particular field or subject matter

Slang and colloquial words, and idiomatic expressions

From these numbers you can conclude that learning vocabulary is a daunting task. And it is particularly daunting to learn vocabulary for the TOEFL test, when vocabulary questions make up only a small part of the whole test. Keep in mind, however, that you need vocabulary not only to answer vocabulary questions but also to understand what you read and hear and to express your ideas in writing.

Vocabulary is directly related to academic performance. A study conducted in 1998 by Douglas Bors and Tonya Stokes concluded that college students with larger vocabularies achieved higher grades, produced better quality writing, and were able to process information more readily and better than those with less advanced vocabulary skills. Clearly, the greater your vocabulary, the higher your chances of succeeding in college and university courses.

So where do you start? Which words do you learn? How do you learn them? And how do you remember all of them?

Acquiring vocabulary is not something you can do overnight. In fact, it is a long-term process that requires dedication and strategy. Therefore, the first thing you should be prepared to do is learn vocabulary for life, not just for the TOEFL test. Any word that you may learn specifically to pass the TOEFL test can be used, most likely, anywhere outside the classroom, and anytime besides during the test. So dont think that you are wasting your time learning new words. Remember: a language without a broad vocabulary is like a house without rooms or furniture.

McGraw-Hill Education: Essential Vocabulary for the TOEFLTest has been written to help you learn vocabulary for the TOEFL test and, more important, for life. How will it do that?

By helping you recognize words from their function and form

By helping you use a dictionary and thesaurus

By helping you figure out the meaning from context, which is the most useful method as you probably dont walk around with a dictionary in your back pocket (You probably have a cell/mobile phone, but that is not necessarily the best substitute for a reputable paper dictionary. I knowIm old-fashioned!)

By showing you how to organize the vocabulary you learn so that you can find it quickly and learn faster through associating words in clusters or with images