Roach - Japanese swords: cultural icons of a nation
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With over 300 stunning photographs and woodblock prints along with extensive historical and cultural commentary, Japanese Swords is the ultimate authority on Samurai weaponry.
Historically, Japanese warriors considered their swords to be far greater than simple weaponry. Their swords were both lethal tools and divine companions social and religious icons. Traditionally worn by the samurai as a sign of social status, the Japanese sword represented the junction between the reigning military class and those whom they ruled. Moreover, the samurai sword was a technological and artistic marvel. Many scholars consider it to be the finest sword ever constructed.
In terms of symbolism and historical importance, no other blade comes close to the Japanese sword. With a historical, iconographical, and technological perspective, author Cohn M. Roach provides an in-depth study of these magnificent weapons in Japanese Swords. This richly illustrated sword...
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Bibliography
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Chapter 1
Appreciating the Japanese Sword
The Japanese Sword is a beautiful weapon without peer in terms of elegance and strength. The flash of the polished steel, the graceful curve of the blade, the aesthetically pleasing wave of the temperline, the swirling flecks of the grain structures, and the exquisitely-crafted fittings immediately impress even rank neophytes. However, to properly embark upon this journey of Japanese sword appreciation, one must study it at its most basic level. We must understand the different types of swords, their parts, nomenclature, and various attributes used to describe shape, quality, and other aspects.
By studying the swords distinguishing characteristics, an understanding of what creates quality and value emerges. This chapter explains which positive and negative attributes allow various agencies to evaluate, rank, and appraise any given blade. Also discussed here is the story of how the sword came to be a collectable art object in the modern era. Expanding on the idea of value and commerce surrounding the sword, this chapter concludes with some guidance for readers by recommending some trustworthy organizations and reputable sword merchants. Later chapters will explain how swords are made, how spirituality shaped its iconography, and how the blade evolved as a metallurgical wonder.
Blade Types
Ken/Tsurugi The ken , sometimes called a tsurugi , is a straight, double-edged sword of ancient Chinese design. It holds particular importance in Buddhism but has also been incorporated into Shinto- ceremonies. Although the ken is one of the oldest sword types to enter Japan, it remains relevant due to its symbolic significance.
Chokut Although also of Chinese design, chokut were produced in Japans ancient times and pre-dated the quintessential, Japanese sword. Chokut are straight and have one cutting edge. Less obvious is that the steel for these early blades is homogenous; not folded and combined to produce greater strength and flexibility. Variations are generally distinguished by the cross-section design. The kiriha-zukuri design would have been more efficient in hacking and thrusting, whereas the hira-zukuri would have a slight advantage in slicing due to its kissaki (tip) design. Some scholars suspect that these two designs were combined (along with several other innovations) to create the first tachi .
Tachi The tachi was the first functional sword of truly Japanese design. Designed for use in slashing rather than thrusting, it incorporated a curved blade and a temperline, highlighting its differentially hardened steel.
Worn edge-down and tied to the outside of armor, it was designed to be drawn and used with one hand (usually from horseback). The tachi s innovative technology and raw effectiveness became a blueprint for all swords developed in later times. Sharp and resilient yet durable and not brittle, the tachi marks the beginning of the Japanese sword.
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