Šárka Hošková-Mayerová (editor) - Algorithms as a Basis of Modern Applied Mathematics (Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing, 404)

The series Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing contains publications on various topics in the area of soft computing, which include fuzzy sets, rough sets, neural networks, evolutionary computation, probabilistic and evidential reasoning, multi-valued logic, and related fields. The publications within Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing are primarily monographs and edited volumes. They cover significant recent developments in the field, both of a foundational and applicable character. An important feature of the series is its short publication time and world-wide distribution. This permits a rapid and broad dissemination of research results.

Indexed by SCOPUS, DBLP, WTI Frankfurt eG, zbMATH, SCImago.

All books published in the series are submitted for consideration in Web of Science.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/2941

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG

The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

The book Algorithms as a Basis of Modern Applied Mathematics is part of the series Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing published by Springer. This volume is the outcome of scientific collaboration in the areas of Mathematics and Statistics among Prof. rka Hokov-Mayerov from the University of Defence (Brno, Czech Republic), Prof. Cristina Flaut from the Ovidius University (Constana, Romania), and Dr. Fabrizio Maturo from the University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli (Caserta, Italy).

Due to recent technological developments, the widespread distribution of computers, telephones, and devices of different kinds that keep people always connected to the World Wide Web, the algorithms have increased their importance. It is undeniable that we live in the age of algorithms; these dominate our everyday life, process our data, give us suggestions, guide us more or less consciously during many processes of daily life. Algorithms play a fundamental role due to their ability of simplification and synthesis of the great mass of data that technology makes available. From the simplest to the more complicated one, it is impossible to deny the importance of algorithms, both in our daily and online life. However, algorithms have a double face; if on the one hand, they are useful and vital, on the other, they can also be dangerous because they have the power to influence people, for example, the Google PageRank algorithm, which decides in which order the search results are displayed. It can affect our decisions, our purchases, which University to attend, whether to watch a movie or not, etc. Its power and danger are undeniable and the power of those who control it is equally undeniable. Equally relevant is the importance of algorithms in financial systems that move billions of dollars every day. They can buy and sell securities in milliseconds. Then, there is the you might also like it in every e-commerce website, or similarly, the Google AdSense algorithm that monitors our behaviour, time on sites, the use of words, and search queries to provide contextual advertising. On the face of it, most of these algorithms do nothing wrong: they select and advise. The risk, however, is people become vulnerable to manipulation and propaganda because the information is supervised. Recently, Google has developed a new algorithm, called Knowledge-Based Trust, which rewards or penalises websites based on the reliability of the content they publish. Hence, algorithms can suggest, guide, or even censor. In summary, in many cases, algorithms decide for us.

Given the growing importance of algorithms, the main objective of this volume is to collect some contributions regarding them in various research areas and to present them organically.

The book opens with the contribution entitled authored by Sen and Agarwal. The authors discuss this uniform accuracy issue or the best available order of accuracy and attempt to prescribe remedies for several numerical problems such as those involving/near-singular linear systems, zero clusters of a nonlinear univariate equation, optimisation, and differential equations involving singularity.

The second chapter is by Brbulescu and Mascu. The authors use an integrated approach to evaluate how green businesses operate, and they analyse the relationship between energy, carbon and water based on the data from the top sustainable companies in the world. They propose two models to study the dependence of carbon on energy efficiency and carbon on energy and water efficiency.

In the third chapter, namely , Ionescu compares the performance of four state-of-the-art multi-objective evolutionary algorithms representing two fundamental approaches in recent research: indicator-based and decomposition-based. The algorithms are compared with respect to six convergence and diversity performance measures, including the recently proposed IGD+, for benchmark test problems in two popular suites.