Najat MJid - Childrens Services in the Developing World

First published 2009 by Ashgate Publishing

Published 2016 by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright Dwan Kaoukji andNajat MJid 2009. For copyright of individual articles please refer to the Acknowledgements.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notice:
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Wherever possible, these reprints are made from a copy of the original printing, but these can themselves be of very variable quality. Whilst the publisher has made every effort to ensure the quality of the reprint, some variability may inevitably remain.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Childrens services in the developing world. (The

library of essays in child welfare and development)
1. Children Developing countries Social conditions.
2. Children Services for Developing countries. 3. Child
welfare Developing countries.
I. Series II. Kaoukji, Dwan. III. MJid, Najat.
362.7091724dc22

Library of Congress Control Number:

2009921960

ISBN 9780754627791 (hbk)

The editor and publishers wish to thank the following for permission to use copyright material.

British Medical Journal for the essays: Bacy Fleitlich and Robert Goodman (2001), Social Factors Associated With Child Mental Health Problems in Brazil: Cross Sectional Survey, BMJ, 323, pp. 599600; Joy E. Lawn, Anthony Costello, Charles Mwansambo and David Osrin (2007), Countdown to 2015: Will the Millennium Development Goal for Child Survival Be Met?, Archives of Disease in Childhood, 92, pp. 5516.

Elsevier for the essays: Joan Riley Walton, Ronald L. Nuttall and Ena Vasquez Nuttall (1997), The Impact of War on the Mental Health of Children: A Salvadoran Study, Child Abuse and Neglect , 21, pp. 73719. Copyright 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd; Mary L. Plummer, Mustafa Kudrati and Nassrin Dafalla El Hag Yousif (2007), Beginning Street Life: Factors Contributing to Children Working and Living on the Streets of Khartoum, Sudan, Children and Youth Services Review , 29, pp. 152036. Copyright 2007 Elsevier Ltd; Ping Chung Cheung, Hing Keung Ma and Daniel T.L. Shek (1998), Conceptions of Success: Their Correlates with Prosocial Orientation and Behaviour in Chinese Adolescents, Journal of Adolescence , 21, pp. 3112. Copyright 1998 The Association for Professionals in Services for Adolescents; Marcela Raffaelli and Silvia H. Koller (2005), Future Expectations of Brasilian Street Youth, Journal of Adolescence, 28, pp. 24962. Copyright 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of the Association for Professionals in Services for Adolescents; S. Elbedour, William Bart and Joel Hektner (2007), The Relationship Between Monogamous/Polygamous Family Structure and the Mental Health of Bedouin Arab Adolescents, Journal of Adolescence, 30, pp. 21330. Copyright 2006 The Association for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd; Ann Olsson, Mary Ellsberg, Staffan Berglund, Andrs Herrera, Elmer Zelaya, Rodolfo Pea, Felix Zelaya and Lars-ke Persson (2000), Sexual Abuse During Childhood and Adolescence Among Nicaraguan Men and Women: A Population-Based Anonymous Survey, Child Abuse and Neglect, 24, pp. 157989. Copyright 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd; Xiaoming Li, Xiaoyi Fang and Bonita Stanton (1999), Cigarette Smoking Among Schoolboys in Beijing, China, Journal of Adolescence, 22, pp. 62125. Copyright 1999 The Association for Professionals in Services for Adolescents; Dharma S. Manandhar, David Osrin, Bhim Prasad Shrestha, Natasha Mesko, Joanna Morrison, Kirti Man Tumbahangphe, Suresh Tamang, Sushma Thapa, Dej Shrestha, Bidur Thapa, Jyoti Raj Shrestha, Angie Wade, Josephine Borghi, Hilary Standing, Madan Manandhar, Anthony M. de L. Costello and members of the MIRA Makwanpur trial team (2004), Effect of a Participatory Intervention with Womens Groups on Birth Outcomes in Nepal: Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial, The Lancet, 364, pp. 97079. Copyright 2004 The Lancet.

Sage Publications for the essay: Gary Barker and Irene Loewenstein (1997), Where the Boys Are: Attitudes Related to Masculinity, Fatherhood and Violence Toward Women Among Low-Income Adolescent and Young Adult Males in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Youth and Society , 29, pp. 16696. Copyright 1997 Sage Publications, Inc.

Springer Science & Business Media B.V. for the essay: Mohammad Sayadul Islam Mullick and Robert Goodman (2005), The Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders Among 510 Year Olds in Rural, Urban and Slum Areas in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Study, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 40, pp. 66371. Copyright 2005 Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology.

Taylor & Francis for the essay: Dimeji Togunde and Arielle Carter (2006), Socioeconomic Causes of Child Labor in Urban Nigeria, Journal of Children and Poverty , 12, pp. 7389. Copyright 2006 Taylor & Francis.

Wiley-Blackwell Publishing for the essays: Leighann Litcher, Evelyn J. Bromet, Gabrielle Carlson, Nancy Squires, Dmitry Goldgaber, Natalia Panina, Evgenii Golovakha and Semyon Gluzman (2000), School and Neuropsychological Performance of Evacuated Children in Kyiv 11 Years after the Chomobyl Disaster, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41, pp. 29199. Copyright 2000 Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry. Copyright 2003 EBSCO Publishing; Lucie Cluver, Frances Gardner and Don Operario (2007), Psychological Distress Amongst AIDS-orphaned Children in Urban South Africa, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48, pp. 75563. Copyright 2007 The Authors. Journal Compilation Copyright 2007 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health; S. Hartley, P. Ojwang, A. Baguwemu, M. Ddamulira and A. Chavuta (2005), How Do Carers of Disabled Children Cope? The Ugandan Perspective, Child: Care, Health and Development, 31, pp. 16780. Copyright 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.; Ashley E. Maynard (2002), Cultural Teaching: The Development of Teaching Skills in Maya Sibling Interactions, Child Development, 73, pp. 96982. Copyright 2002 by the Society for Research in Child Development, Inc.; Maureen M. Black, Abdullah H. Baqui, K. Zaman, Scot W. McNary, Katherine Le, Shams El Arifeen, Jena D. Hamadani, Monowara Parveen, Md. Yunus and Robert E. Black (2007), Depressive Symptoms Among Rural Bangladeshi Mothers: Implications for Infant Development, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48, pp. 76472. Copyright 2007 The Authors. Journal Compilation Copyright 2007 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health; F.O. Omokhodion, S.I. Omokhodion and T.O. Odusote (2006), Perceptions of Child Labour Among Working Children in Ibadan, Nigeria, Child: Care, Health and Development, 32, pp. 2816 Copyright 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.; Andrew J. Fuligni and Wenxin Zhang (2004), Attitudes Toward Family Obligation Among Adolescents in Contemporary Urban and Rural China, Child Development, 75, pp. 18092. Copyright 2004 by the Society for Research in Child Development, Inc.; I. Ozturk Ertem, G. Kaynak, C. Kaynak, B. Ulukol and S. Baskan Gulnar (2001), Attitudes and Practices of Breastfeeding Mothers Regarding Fasting in Ramadan, Child: Care, Health and Development, 27, pp. 54554. Copyright 2001 Blackwell Science Ltd.; K.E. Green andD.E. Smith (2007), Change and Continuity: Childbirth and Parenting Across Three Generations of Women in the United Arab Emirates, Child: Care, Health and Development, 33, pp. 26674. Copyright 2006 The Authors. Journal Compilation Copyright 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.; Luciana Anselmi, Cesar A. Piccinini, Fernando C. Barros and Rita S. Lopes (2004), Psychosocial Determinants of Behaviour Problems in Brazilian Preschool Children, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45, pp. 77988. Copyright 2004 Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry; Abdel Aziz Mousa Thabet and Panos Vostanis (1999), Post-Traumatic Stress Reactions in Children of War, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, pp. 38591. Copyright 1999 Association for Child psychology and psychiatry; Patrick Smith, Sean Perrin, William Yule and Sophia Rabe-Hesketh (2001) War Exposure and Maternal Reactions in the Psychological Adjustment of Children from Bosnia-Hercegovina, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 42, pp. 39504. Copyright 2001 Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry. Copyright 2003 EBSCO Publishing; F. Simsek, B. Ulukol and S. Baskan Gulnar (2005), The Secular Trends in Height and Weight of Turkish School Children During 19932003, Child: Care, Health and Development, 31, pp. 4417. Copyright 2005 Blackwell Publishing; Richard Hackett, Latha Hackett, Preeta Bhakta and Simon Gowers (1999), The Prevalence and Associations of Psychiatric Disorder in Children in Kerala, South India, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, pp. 801807. Copyright 1999 Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry; M. Ali and A. de Muynck (2005), Illness Incidence and Health Seeking Behaviour Among Street Children in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan - a Qualitative Study, Child: Care, Health and Development, 31, pp. 52532. Copyright 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.; N. de Souza, V. Sardessai, K. Joshi, V. Joshi and M. Hughes (2006), The Determinants of Compliance with an Early Intervention Programme for High-Risk Babies in India, Child: Care, Health and Development, 32, pp. 6372. Copyright 2006 BlackwellPublishing Ltd.