Abigail B. Roberts - Using a Thermometer

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USING A THERMOMETER

SUPER SCIENCE TOOLS

science

Abigail B. Roberts

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USING A THERMOMETER

By Abigail B.Roberts

SUPER SCIENCE TOOLS

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Please visit our website, www. garethstevens. com. For a free color catalog of all our high-quality books, call toll free 1-800-542-2595 or fax 1-877-542-2596.

Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Roberts, Abigail B. Title: Using a thermometer / Abigail B. Roberts. Description: New York : Gareth Stevens Publishing, 2018. | Series: Super science tools | Includes index. Identifiers: ISBN 9781482464092 ( pbk. ) | ISBN 9781482464115 ( library bound) | ISBN 9781482464108 ( pack) Subjects: LCSH: Thermometers--Juvenile literature. Classification: LCC QC271. R478 2018 | DDC 50287--dc23

Published in 2018 by Gareth Stevens Publishing East 14th Street, Suite New York, NY 10003

Copyright 2018 Gareth Stevens Publishing

Designer: Laura Bowen Editor: Therese Shea

Photo credits: Cover, p. Image Source/Getty Images; pp. 1--24 ( series art) T. Sumaetho/ Shutterstock. com; p. ( left) Westend61/Getty Images; p. ( right) second Studio/ Shutterstock. com; p. PhlllStudio/Shutterstock. com; p. ( left) Tom Wang/Shutterstock. com; p. ( right) OlegDoroshin/Shutterstock. com; p. Tim Boyle/Getty Images News/Getty Images; p. ( top) MaeManee/Shutterstock. com; p. ( bottom) Kameel4u/Shutterstock. com; p. Arthur Palmer/Shutterstock. com; p. ( left) Don Bartletti/Los Angeles Times/Getty Images; p. ( right) Andrei Kuzmik/Shutterstock. com; p. ( right) rawf8/Shutterstock. com; p. ( left) iofoto/Shutterstock. com.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer.

Printed in the United States of America

CPSIA compliance information: Batch #CS17GS: For further information contact Gareth Stevens, New York, New York at 1-800-542-2595.

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CONTENTS

How Hot?

Up and Down

Reading a Thermometer

Thermometers in Science

Glossary

For More Information

Index

Boldface words appear in the glossary

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How Hot?

Lets make candy! If you heat the candy mix to a certain temperature , itll be soft when cool. If you heat it to a higher temperature, itll become hard. Thermometers are important tools that measure temperature. We need them for candy and science!

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Up and Down

You might check a thermometer to find out the temperature outdoors. It helps you know if its hot or cold outside. The thermometer shown on page is a liquid-in-glass thermometer. It uses a special liquid that changes with temperature.

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As temperatures rise, the liquid in a thermometer warms up. The liquids molecules spread apart and take up more space. Thats why the liquid rises in the tube. When the temperature falls, the molecules move closer. The liquid falls in the tube.

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hot cold

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Reading a Thermometer

Thermometers that measure air temperature may show two kinds of units : Celsius and Fahrenheit. People in the United States often use Fahrenheit (F), but most other countries use Celsius (C) units. See how the measurements compare on page

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boiling point of water

212F

100C

normal body temperature

98.6F

37C

room temperature

68F

20C

freezing point of water

32F

0C

F C

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When you read the temperature on a liquid-in-glass thermometer, the thermometer should be upright. Your eyes should be even with the top of the liquid. The number next to the liquids highest point is the temperature.

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Thermometers in Science

Doctors use thermometers. Some thermometers measure body temperature in the mouth, while others measure it in the ear! The temperature reading can tell us if were ill. Sometimes, the thermometers are digital so theyre easier to read.

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Some thermometers help us figure out temperatures from far away. Infrared thermometers use lenses to measure surface temperature. Scientists called astronomers study space. They use infrared thermometers to find out temperatures on faraway planets!

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