Text copyright 2001 Edith H. Fine and Judith P. Josephson
All rights reserved. Published in the United States by Ten Speed Press, an imprint of the Crown Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., New York.
www.crownpublishing.com
www.tenspeed.com
Ten Speed Press and the Ten Speed Press colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc.
Art credits:
Momma by Mell Lazarus, One Big Happy by Rich Detorie, and Rubes by Leigh Rubin are reprinted with permission of the artists and Creators Syndicate, Inc.
Baby Blues by Rick Kirkman and Jerry Scott, Beetle Bailey by Mort Walker, Blondie by Dean Young and Denis Lebrun, Crock by Bill Rechin and Don Wilder, Mutts by Patrick McDonnell, Sally Forth by Greg Howard, Shermans Lagoon by Jim Toomey, Six Chix by Kathryn Lemieux, and Zits by Jerry Scott and Jim Borgman are reprinted with special permission of King Features Syndicate.
9 Chickweed Lane by Brooke McEldowney () 2000 and 1998 by Los Angeles Times. Reprinted with permission.
Jeff MacNellys Shoe by Chris Cassatt and Gary Brooking and Mother Goose and Grimm by Mike Peters, copyright Tribune Media Services, Inc. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.
Committed by Michael Fry, Dilbert by Scott Adams, Drabble by Kevin Fagan, For Better or for Worse by Lynn Johnston, Frank & Ernest by Bob Thaves, Get Fuzzy by Darby Conley, Jump Start by Robb Armstrong, and Marmaduke by Brad Anderson are reprinted with permission by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.
Bizarro by Dan Piraro, Calvin and Hobbes by Watterson, In the Bleachers by Steve Moore, Non Sequitur by Wiley Miller, Real Life Adventures by GarLanco, and The Fusco Brothers by Lew Little Enterprises. Reprinted with permission of Universal Press Syndicate.
B.C. by Johnny Hart and Wizard of Id by Brant Parker and Johnny Hart are reprinted by permission of Johnny Hart and Creators Syndicate, Inc.
The Far Side 1993 by Farworks, Inc. All rights reserved.
Sylvia by Nicole Hollander. Reprinted with permission of Nicole Hollander.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Fine, Edith Hope.
More nitty-gritty grammar: another not-so-serious guide to clear communication / by Edith H. Fine and Judith P. Josephson.
p. cm.
Includes index.
1. English languageGrammar. I. Josephson, Judith Pinkerton. II. Title.
PE1112 .F534 2001 428.2dc21 2001004601
eISBN: 978-0-307-78565-7
Printed in the United States of America
Cover design by Susan Van Horn
v3.1
Dedication
To all who love language and words.
Acknowledgments
Thanks to our eagle-eyed readers: Hilary Crain,
Teri Feldott, Janelle Fine, Michael Fine, Nick Genovese,
Jill Hansen, Beverly Hamowitz, Pat Hatfield, Melissa
Irick, Kirsten Josephson, Julianne Noll, Jeannie Phelan,
and Kay Vaughan.
We also tip our Grammar Patrol hats to editor
Meghan Keeffe and to our writing group for their
steady support and quick wit.
You Need Nitty-Gritty Grammar If
You worry that your participle might be dangling.
Youd rather cover yourself in honey and roll in a mound of fire ants than think about grammar.
You sing Schoolhouse Rock songs to remember what a conjunction is.
You think TV newscasters are right when they say nuCUEler for nuclear.
Youre never sure whether its its or its.
Youre a CEO, and your mom still corrects your grammar.
Your grammar checker makes your monitor glow green.
You have an irrational fear of serial commas.
You only read books with pictures. (Hey! This one has cartoons!)
Your grammatically correct dog refuses to lay down.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
Good communication is as stimulating as black coffee, and just as hard to sleep after.
Anne Morrow Lindbergh
What? More grammar? people asked when they heard we were writing More Nitty-Gritty Grammar. Whats left to say?
Our answer was plenty.
Wearing our Grammar Patrol hats, weve appeared as guests on over one hundred radio talk shows since our first grammar guide, Nitty-Gritty Grammar, was published. Its been fun fielding questions and listening to peoples grammar pet peeves, such as irregardless and between you and I. Well do anything to promote great grammar, including hauling our four-foot-high Grammar Bear with us. While we chatted with Money in the Morning radio host, George Chamberlin, the bear kept an eye on the stock quotes.
Be assured that people across the United States and Canada really do care about grammar and language. At KCET in Pasadena, California, host Larry Mantle warned his eager listeners to pull off the freeways before calling in with their grammar gripes. With all this great feedback and fodder, our mission was clear: to write a follow-up book.
More Nitty-Gritty Grammar offers a painless language brush-up with a comic bent, complete with a bevy of new syndicated cartoons. Its for anyone wanting to refresh, review, or polish grammar skills. Besides digging deeper into topics lightly covered in our first book, we have stretched the strict definition of grammar to include usage, literary terms, spelling, and selective style pitfalls.
Both of our grammar books are designed for anyone from 10 to 110. They are indispensable tools for busy executives and other businesspeople, families, English teachers, second-language learners, graduates, and students of all ages. As avid cartoon buffs, the Grammar Patrol appreciates all the cartoonists who slip grammar jokes into their work. So, by popular request, weve included over fifty new grammar cartoons by syndicated artists.
We wrote this second grammar guide to explore some finer points of grammar and language, to further demystify grammar, to offer practical suggestions, and to help readers increase their grammatical accuracy. We also wanted to use the many real-life errors from our Blooper Patrol collection. But our most important goal was to serve up easy-access grammar basics, with dollops of laughter on the side.
Edith H. Fine and Judith P. Josephson
Encinitas, California
USING THIS BOOK
Heres a road map to help you travel easily through More Nitty-Gritty Grammar, whether you stick with the main highways or take shortcuts or detours.
Pop Quiz!
Uh-oh! On , theres a pop grammar quiz. Where do you stand with grammar? Take this quick quiz and see. All the answers are in this book.
A to Z Format
More Nitty-Gritty Grammar has alphabetical listings, so you can go directly to the topic you want. For instance, to learn more about ending sentences with prepositions, look under P for Prepositions, then find the To End or Not to End? header. You can read this guide page by page, or simply browse.
Ticker Tape
In the eBook edition there is no footer along each page, so the content from the Ticker Tape in the print edition shows up in the eBook in the grey boxes that appear randomly throughout the book. The all-new ticker tape are sentences that highlight bloopers frequently seen and heard. You can treat them as a quick refresher. If you say, I dont get this, turn to the page number given in parentheses.