Rebecca Kraft Rector - Galaxies
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- Book:Galaxies
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Our solar system is just one small part of our galaxy, and there are thousands of galaxies besides this one. Readers are introduced to the marvels of galaxies. Formation, sizes, and shapes of galaxies are discussed, including the Milky Way. Galactic movement and how scientists study galaxies are revealed. Color photographs, fast facts, and Words to Know sections increase the readers learning experience, while a final hands-on activity emphasizes what the reader has learned. This book supports English Language Arts standards and correlates directly with Next Generation Science Standards.
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WORDS TO KNOW elliptical Shaped like an egg. gravity The force that attracts two bodies to each other. irregular Not in an organized pattern. light-year How far light can travel in one year. It is about 5.88 trillion miles (9.46 trillion kilometers). universe Everything in space. universe Everything in space.
CONTENTS
This galaxy is millions of light-years away from Earth. What Is a Galaxy? A galaxy is a large group of stars. It has clouds of gas and dust. holds a galaxy together. Galaxies probably formed billions of years ago.
This dwarf galaxy looks like grains of salt. This dwarf galaxy looks like grains of salt. The galaxys blue color comes from new stars. Big and Small Large galaxies have trillions of stars. They are thousands of across. Small galaxies have only millions of stars. The smallest are 100 light-years across.
This picture shows one part of the Milky Way. This picture shows one part of the Milky Way. It contains some of the brightest stars in our galaxy. The Milky Way Our sun and planets are in a galaxy. The galaxy is called the Milky Way. The Milky Way has billions of stars. It is about 100,000 light-years wide.
M33, seen here, is one of the galaxies that is part of our Local Group. M33, seen here, is one of the galaxies that is part of our Local Group. Travel Group Galaxies move through the universe. They often move in groups. The groups are called clusters. The Milky Way moves with about 50 galaxies. Our cluster is called the Local Group.
A view of the Milky Way from Earth Seeing the Milky Way You can see the Milky Way in the night sky. It looks like a fuzzy band of white. Every star you can see is in the Milky Way galaxy. FAST FACT Galaxy is from a Greek word meaning milk.
This spiral galaxy is called Andromeda. It is the closest major galaxy to the Milky Way. galaxies look like pinwheels. galaxies look like pinwheels. They have a bright center. Arms curve out of the center. Spiral galaxies spin slowly. Half of the known galaxies are spirals. FAST FACT The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy.
An elliptical galaxy. It has a flattened, oval shape. Elliptical Shape Some galaxies are . They look like eggs. Most of the stars are in the middle. They are older stars. They do not have much gas or dust.
FAST FACT Most elliptical galaxies do not spin.
Some galaxies do not seem to have any shape at all. No Shape galaxies do not have an organized shape. They are small and not common. They form when two galaxies crash into each other. 
Telescopes help us learn more about galaxies. Telescopes help us learn more about galaxies. This scientist is working to find out how the universe formed. Studying Galaxies Scientists study galaxies. They use powerful telescopes. Space telescopes send information to Earth. The Hubble Space Telescope is famous. It gives us information about distant galaxies.
Activity
Create a Galaxy! Materials A picture of the galaxy Black construction paper White pencil or crayon White glue Glitter Make your own spiral galaxy with plenty of glittery stars! Lets get started! Procedure: Step 1: Look at your favorite galaxy picture. Step 2: Draw the lines of the galaxy on your paper. Step 3: Trace the lines with glue. Step 4: Sprinkle glitter on the wet glue. Cover all the glue. Step 5: Let the glue dry.
Shake off the extra glitter. (Do this over a trash can or go outside.) Youve made a galaxy! Hang it up for everyone to admire. 
You can make a galaxy out of glitter.
Bredeson, Carmen, and Marianne Dyson. Astronauts Explore the Galaxy. New York, NY: Enslow, 2016. Gibbons, Gail. Galaxies, Galaxies! 2nd ed. New York, NY: Holiday House, 2018.
Websites European Space AgencyStars and Galaxieswww.esa.int/esaKIDSen/SEM346WJD1E_OurUniverse_0.html Check out these galaxy facts. NASAGalaxiesstarchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/universe_level1/galaxies.html Discover fun facts about galaxies. INDEX clusters, dust, elliptical galaxies, gas, gravity, Hubble Space Telescope, irregular galaxies, light-years, Local Group, Milky Way, space telescopes, spiral galaxies, stars, Published in 2020 by Enslow Publishing, LLC. 101 W. 23rd Street, Suite 240, New York, NY 10011 Copyright 2020 by Enslow Publishing, LLC. All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced by any means without the written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Rector, Rebecca Kraft, author. Title: Galaxies / Rebecca Kraft Rector. Description: New York: Enslow Publishing, 2020. | Series: Lets learn about space | Audience: Grades K to 4. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2018041867| ISBN 9781978507296 (library bound) | ISBN 9781978509276 (pbk.) | ISBN 9781978509283 (6 pack) Subjects: LCSH: GalaxiesJuvenile literature. | Milky WayJuvenile literature. Classification: LCC QB857.3 .R43 2019 | DDC 523.1/12dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018041867 Printed in the United States of America To Our Readers: We have done our best to make sure all website addresses in this book were active and appropriate when we went to press. However, the author and the publisher have no control over and assume no liability for the material available on those websites or on any websites they may link to. Any comments or suggestions can be sent by e-mail to . 
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