WHOA DUDE!
Think on these things before getting
too deep into smoking Weed*
*or what the science of marijuana
is telling us about the harmful effects
of marijuana for you, your friends
or your kids.
Kevin G. Becker Ph.D.
2021 Kevin G . Becker.
All rights reserved. Publi shed 2021
Printed in the United States of A merica.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law. Distribution of the epub files is not permitted without permission from theauthor. For permission requests, contact author:
Publishers Cataloging-in-Publication dataNames: Becker, Kevin G., author.Title: Whoa dude ! Think on these things before getting too deep intosmoking weed : or what the science of marijuana is telling us about theharmful effects for you , your friends , or your kids / Kevin G. Becker Ph.D.Description: Includes bibliographical references. | Baltimore, MD: Kevin G.Becker, 2021.Identifiers: LCCN: 2021904477 | ISBN: 978-1-7367521-0-4 (paperback) |978-1-7367521-1-1 (ebook)Subjects: LCSH Marijuana. | Marijuana---Physiological effect. | Marijuana--Psychological aspects. | Marijuana abuse. | Cannabis. | Cannabis abuse. |Dependency (Psychology) | BISAC HEALTH - FITNESS / Cannabis - CBD |MEDICAL / Mental Health | PSYCHOLOGY / Psychopathology / Addiction |SCIENCE / Life Sciences / NeuroscienceClassification: LCC BF209.C3 .B43 2021 | DDC 616.86/35--dc23 .
Information in this publication is for educational and scientific purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for the advice of medical and health care profe ssionals.
The views and opinions presented here are wholly the work of Kevin G. Becker Ph.D and do not represent the views or an endorsement from the National Institutes o f Health.
I have used the terms Weed, Marijuana, and Cannabis rather loosely and interchangeably in this book. That may not be technically accurate with regard to specific scientific publ ications.
Contents
B
S
List of Figures
Becker K .G. 2021.
From: Thompson K, Leadbeater B, A mes M, Merrin GJ. A ssociations Between Marijuana Use Trajectories and Educational and Occupational Success in Young A dulthood. Prev Sci. 2019;20(2):257-69. Fig1 p.260 Permission through: Creative Commons A ttribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/license s/by/4.0.
THC By Harbin - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7712453, CBD By Harbin - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7712509 Permission through: Creative Commons A ttribution-ShareA like 3.0.
Schuster RM, et al. One Month of Cannabis A bstinence in A dolescents and Young A dults Is A ssociated With Improved Memory. J Clin Psychiatry. 2018;79(6). P.5 Fig.2B A mended by Pe rmission.
Modified from: Li R. et al. Why sex differences in schizophrenia? Transl Neurosci (Beijing). 2016 Sep;1(1):37-42. Page 8, Figure 1 Sex differences in onset age of schizophrenia. Permission through: Creative Commons A ttribution License.
El Marroun H, et al. Intrauterine cannabis exposure affects fetal growth trajectories: the Generation R Study. J A m A cad Child A dolesc Psychiatry. 2009;48(12):1173-81. Page. 1178 Figure. 1 Reprinted with permission from Elsevier.
Preface
There is a fire raging across A merica and around the world. It is an unstoppable grass fire; the legalization of recreational marijuana. A s of this writing, it seems inevitable that cannabis legalization will happen in many states and in many countries. The flames are driven by the failed war on drugs, the desire to remedy decades of unfair marijuana related incarceration, a growing medical marijuana industry, and by the enormous profits to be made in the recreational marijuana market. Clouded by all the smoke and noise is the clear scientific evidence that long term use of marijuana and cannabis products can be harmful to the health and well being of many individuals, especially adolescents and youn g adults.
My motivation for writing this book is first as a brother and father and second as a scientist. I have seen the effects of weed on my immediate and extended family and friends. A s a scientist, it is strangely discordant that the public, legislative, and individual belief that marijuana is safe flies in the face of a great deal of scientific evidence that marijuana can cause significant harm to your health and in your life. I hope you will learn some things. I know I did. I hope it will light a small fire in you as you think about it, discuss these issues among friends and family, and decide your own path forward.
Acknowledgments
First and foremost, I would like to thank my wife Bonnie for her support and patience in general and through the process of writing this book. I would also like to thank my sons Henry and Will for their interesting life experiences and conversations on t he topic.
Special thanks to Katherine Peterson Ph.D. of the National Eye Institute, Marquis Vawter Ph.D. of the University of California at Irvine, Tanya Barrett Ph.D. of the National Center for Biotechnology Information, Philip Lee Ph.D. of the National Institute on Child Health and Human Development, Bronwen Martin Ph.D. of the University of A ntwerp, and Stuart Maudsley Ph.D of the University of A ntwerp for their helpful and insightful reviews and comments. I would also like to thank Marco Balpiero, Inez Thompson, Henry Gruber and Michael Gilliom for their years of kindness and support for my brother.
For all the Marks in the world,
and for all their families
Chapter 1
Introduction
Who Is This Book For?
This book is for you. If you smoke weed or use cannabis products. You are going to spend a lot of money and time with weed; shouldnt you know more about it? What it could be doing to you r health?
It is for you if you are young, your friends are smoking weed, and you have questions about the health risks of weed. Is it safe? How much is too much? What are the long term effects?
It is also for you, if you are a parent, brother, sister, or a friend of someone who uses weed and are concerned about their welfare.
It is for you if you are just curious and wish to get a direct line to the scientific basis of one of the major controversies of our time.
What Is This Book A bout (and Not A bout)?
The main goal of this book is to take on two common opinions in the public sphere that are just not true. The first is, weed never hurt anybody, and the second is, we dont really know, there arent a lot of scientific studies on the effects of weed. Well, there is an overwhelming amount of published peer-reviewed scientific evidence that weed causes harm in some peoplenot everybodyand that it has the potential to affect your health and well being. Science is a journey, there is always more to be uncovered. But, if you think there is not a lot of science about the health risks of weedheres your chance to le arn more.
This is a sourcebook about marijuana. The focus is on science, in particular, the many scientific studies on the harm that using marijuana may cause you and your friends. A nd for you to really understand, and delve deeper into why weed may be harmful, there is a reference section at the end of the book. That section contains the papers I have used to prepare this book. A nd I want you to be able to read these pa pers too.