Jan Chozen Bays - Mindful Eating - A Guide to Rediscovering a Healthy and Joyful Relationship with Food

Shambhala Publications, Inc.

Horticultural Hall

300 Massachusetts Avenue

Boston, Massachusetts 02115

www.shambhala.com.

2009 by Jan Chozen Bays

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Bays, Jan Chozen.

Mindful eating: a guide to rediscovering a healthy and joyful relationship with food / Jan Chozen Bays; foreword by Jon Kabat-Zinn.1st ed.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

eISBN 978-0-8348-2261-0

ISBN 978-1-59030-531-7 (pbk.: alk. paper)

1. Food habitsPsychological aspects. 2. Compulsive eating. 3. Thoughtfulness.

4. ConsciousnessReligious aspectsBuddhism. I. Title.

TX357.B455 2009

394.1dc22

2008032480

DEDICATION

TO MY PARENTS , Bob and Jean Burgess, who taught me love for every kind of food and passed on their instinctive understanding of mindful eating. May Dad find a huge table with discounted, bruised produce and day-old bread in heaven and may Mom be able to persuade him that angels only eat the most expensive and largest avocados.

To my husband, who is naturally free of desire for all food except coffee and cheese. His lack of emotion about food has been a wonderful antidote to my passion for it.

CONTENTS

To see a World in a Grain of Sand

And a Heaven in a Wild Flower,

Hold Infinity in the palm of your hand

And Eternity in an hour.

William Blake

IT IS HARD TO THINK OF a biological function more essential to sustaining our life than eating, since, unlike plants, we dont photosynthesize sustenance out of light and air. Breathing happens on its own, thank goodness. Sleeping too. But eating requires some deliberate engagement on our parts in either growing, gathering, hunting, shopping, going to a restaurant, or otherwise acquiring a range of life-sustaining foodstuffs that often need some kind of preparing and combining by us or others to be maximally beneficial. As mammals, we have complex circuitry in the nervous system to insure that we are motivated to find and eat food (hunger and thirst) and to know when those urges have been satisfied and the body has gotten what it needs for the moment to sustain itself for a time (satiety). Yet, it is all too easy for us in this postindustrial era to take eating so for granted that we engage in it with huge unawareness, and also freight it (all puns intended) with complicated psychological and emotional issues that obscure and sometimes seriously distort a simple, basic, and miraculous aspect of our lives. Even the question of what food really is takes on whole new meanings in an age of industrial agriculture, factory processing, and continual invention of new snacks and foods that our grandparents wouldnt recognize. And with a huge and sometimes obsessive preoccupation with health and eating in this brave new world, it is equally easy to fall into a certain kind of nutritionism,and celebrating the miracle of sustenance and the web of life within which we are embedded and upon which we depend.

On a parallel note, mind-states of unawareness, addiction, and delusion sadly abound in this world and, we might say, function as equal opportunity destroyers of sanity, well-being, and authentic relationship at every level of the body, mind, and world. Every single one of us suffers from them to one degree or another, not simply around food and eating, but in many different aspects of our lives. It is part and parcel of the human condition, perhaps made worse in this era by the particular stresses and pressures of our nonstop, 24/7 connectivity, attention-deficit hyperactivity, celebrity-obsessed culture. But the good news is that the inner and outer pressures on our minds and bodies and the suffering that comes from these sometimes unhealthy influences can be recognized and intentionally worked with to the benefit of anyone willing to undertake the cultivation of even a bit of mindfulness and heartfulness. This book is a gentle invitation to engage in that healing, and a wise guide to accompany you on the journey of a lifetime into your own wholeness.

Nowhere are the elements of the human condition we call unawareness, addiction, and delusion more poignantly and tragically manifested nowadays than in widespread disregulations and disorders in our relationships to food and to eating. These pathologies of imbalance are driven by many complex factors in society itself. Sadly, they have resulted in cultural norms that support particular brands of delusion, obsession, and endless preoccupation with how much the body weighs. It manifests as a gnawing and pervasive, if sometimes submerged and disguised or overcompensated-for discomfort and dissatisfaction with how ones body looks and how it feels inwardly. This pervasive dissatisfaction nests itself within ordinary concerns about ones appearance, but is compounded by desires to fit in to an idealized model of how one should look and the impression ones appearance should make on others that shape and trump the authenticity of ones own interior experience. This dissatisfaction in the mind lends itself to pathologies associated with body image, distortions in how one perceives oneself inwardly and outwardly, and with deep issues of self-worth. Catalyzed in large measure by ubiquitous media exposure, it is prevalent even in children and adolescents, and is pervasive across the life span and right into old age. The sadness of it all is immense and needs to be met with boundless compassion and self-compassion, as well as effective strategies for restoring balance and sanity in our world and in our individual lives.

It is well known now that these pathologies of imbalance are manifesting as never before in a number of epidemics in both children and adults, in both males and females. One might say that the entire society suffers from disordered eating in one way or another, just as, from the perspective of the meditative traditions, we suffer from a pervasive attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. As is made clear in this book, the one is intimately related to the other.

One manifestation of our disordered relationship to food and eating is the obesity epidemic of the past twenty-plus years in the United States. This phenomenon is driven by a host of complex factors and compounded by increasingly sedentary lifestyles in adults and children, coupled with a ubiquitous availability of processed foods and by a farming and food industry that is the admiration of the world in some ways, and which runs amok in others.

Another manifestation of our disordered relationship to food and eating is the tragedy of anorexia and bulimia, particularly among girls and young women. These disregulations in eating behaviors are often driven by distortions in self-image and body image, shaped by subterranean and often unacknowledged feelings of shame, inadequacy, and unworthiness. In many, they arise following horrendous but often hidden trauma experiences and histories. In others, they arise as poorly understood but complex reactions to familial, social, and societal dynamics, compounded by the fashion, advertisement, and entertainment industries, an obsession with celebrities, and the sexualization of appearance starting in childhood. Here, any impulses to restrict food intake are life-threatening and need to be met with a huge degree of professional understanding of the tortured web of pain that people can be caught in, huge acceptance and compassion for their suffering, as well as recognition of and unfailing support for the interior strengths they possess but may not recognize, including their potential for healing.