Javed Kashif - ARM microprocessor systems : Cortex-M architecture, programming, and interfacing

ARM
Microprocessor Systems

Cortex-M Architecture, Programming, and Interfacing

Cortex-M Architecture, Programming, and Interfacing

Muhammad Tahir and Kashif Javed

CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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2017 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
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Printed on acid-free paper
Version Date: 20170110

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4822-5938-4 (Hardback)

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Tahir, Muhammad (Electrical engineer), author. | Javed, Kashif, author.
Title: ARM microprocessor systems : cortex-M architecture, programming, and
interfacing / Muhammad Tahir and Kashif Javed.
Description: Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016038555| ISBN 9781482259384 (hb : alk. paper) | ISBN
9781482259391 (electronic)
Subjects: LCSH: ARM microprocessors-- Programming.
Classification: LCC QA76.6 .T337 2017 | DDC 005.1/8-- dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016038555

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Appendices

This book is the outgrowth of our experience in teaching the Microprocessor Systems course in the Electrical Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore. The book contents are divided into three parts: architecture, programming, and interfacing. In architecture, we discuss the ARM processor and interrupt architecture. The programming part introduces the assembly language in a fair bit of detail. Once the reader is familiarized with the ARM processor architecture and its programming-using assembly language, then we describe interfacing various input/output devices with the microprocessor using different peripheral interfaces. Over the years, we have observed that teaching these three contents prepares the reader for attractive jobs in the embedded market. When an embedded engineer encounters an unknown architecture, his first job is to understand its architecture. The processor architecture knowledge equips the programmer to develop efficient programs. This is what we learned during our tenure as embedded engineers at Mentor Graphics (www.mentor.com).

Prior to 2013, we were teaching the course using the 80x86 microprocessor family. Because of the maturity of the 80x86 family, a number of good books was available. Architecture, programming, and interfacing can be covered from a single book. However, the interfacing aspect covered in most of the 80x86 texts is outdated. This can partly be attributed to the fact that the 80x86-based architecture has become too complex over the years and does not support many of the interfaces. For instance, the 80x86 used to have a parallel peripheral interface for printer interfacing that has become obsolete. It was not possible to conduct a good laboratory session based on the 80x86 architecture, which is highly important for such a practical subject. In the fall semester of 2013, we decided to switch to a different microprocessor architecture to improve the laboratory experience. After a thorough survey, we found ARM Cortex-M-based microprocessor to be the most suitable candidate. Afterward, the search for a suitable textbook began. We extensively searched but couldnt find a good textbook that incorporates architecture, programming, and interfacing aspects. So, we decided to write our own book. Our goal was to write a textbook that is easy to read and covers these three topics in fair detail. We have chosen ARM Cortex-M processor based microcontroller, TM4C123, from Texas Instruments for the hardware platform. The material is presented in a logical order along with interesting and practical examples to maintain the readers interest.

The book expects understanding of some basic concepts such as representation of numbers in binary and hexadecimal forms. We also assume that the reader is familiar with the basic digital systems. Knowledge of C programming language as a prerequisite is also a must to understand different example programs.

There are 12 chapters in the book. is dedicated to discussing the architectural aspects of exceptions and interrupts. We introduce the usage of Cortex-M nested vector interrupt controller (NVIC), different steps required to perform interrupt configuration, how to set up an interrupt vector table, and interrupt masking and handling. Toward the end of this chapter, advanced concepts such as interrupt tail chaining and interrupt nesting are presented.

describes program flow control instructions, including conditional and unconditional branch instructions, combined compare and branch, and IF-THEN (IT) block. The use of IT block allows conditional execution of many assembly instructions other than branch instructions.

The material covered in the first two parts doesnt require a specific hardware platform. Rather, one can use a simulator to learn the workings of different assembly programming instructions. However, of the book is related to analog interfacing. In this chapter, we present the basics related to analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) and then detail the various capabilities and configuration steps required to use the ADC module available on the TM4C123 microcontroller.

This textbook is aimed for the first course on microprocessor systems or embedded systems. The book is equally useful for electrical/computer engineering as well as computer science departments. The book assumes that the students should have experience with C programming language and digital logic design. The book is appropriate for undergraduate students. It can also be used to teach a first-year graduate course related to embedded systems. In addition to the theory related to ARM Cortex-M, the book has been written in such a manner so that one should be able to design ones own embedded systems after going through it. So, it should be useful to practitioners in the embedded industry working on ARM Cortex-M-based platforms.