Bjarne Stroustrup - The C++ Programming Language, 4th Edition

focuses on the subset of C++ that supports the styles of programming traditionally done in C and similar languages. It introduces the notions of type, object, scope, and storage. It presents the fundamentals of computation: expressions, statements, and functions. Modularity as supported by namespaces, source files, and exception handling is also discussed:

Types and Declarations: Fundamental types, naming, scopes, initialization, simple type deduction, object lifetimes, and type aliases

Pointers, Arrays, and References

Structures, Unions, and Enumerations

Statements: Declarations as statements, selection statements ( if and switch ), iteration statements ( for , while , and do ), goto , and comments

Expressions: A desk calculator example, survey of operators, constant expressions, and implicit type conversion.

Select Operations: Logical operators, the conditional expression, increment and decrement, free store ( new and delete ), {} -lists, lambda expressions, and explicit type conversion ( static_cast and const_cast )

Functions: Function declarations and definitions, inline functions, constexpr functions, argument passing, overloaded functions, pre- and postconditions, pointers to functions, and macros

Exception Handling: Styles of error handling, exception guarantees, resource management, enforcing invariants, throw and catch , a vector implementation

Namespaces: namespace , modularization and interface, composition using namespaces

Source Files and Programs: Separate compilation, linkage, using header files, and program start and termination

I assume that you are familiar with most of the programming concepts used in . For example, I explain the C++ facilities for expressing recursion and iteration, but I do not go into technical details or spend much time explaining how these concepts are useful.

The exception to this rule is exceptions. Many programmers lack experience with exceptions or got their experience from languages (such as Java) where resource management and exception handling are not integrated. Consequently, the chapter on exception handling () presents the basic philosophy of C++ exception handling and resource management. It goes into some detail about strategy with a focus on the Resource Acquisition Is Initialization technique (RAII).