Italic
Indicates new terms, URLs, email addresses, filenames, and file extensions.
Constant width
Used for program listings, in text to refer to program elements, such as variable or function names, databases, data types, environment variables, statements, utilities, keywords, utilities, and modules.
Constant width bold
Shows commands or other text that should be typed literally by the user.
Constant width italic
Shows text that should be replaced with user-supplied values or by values determined by context.
Tip
This icon signifies a tip, suggestion, or general note.
Caution
This icon indicates a warning or caution.
Using Code Examples
This book is here to help you get your job done. In general, you may use the code that is included in this book in your programs and documentation. You do not need to contact us for permission unless youre reproducing a significant portion of the code. For example, writing a program that uses several chunks of code from this book does not require permission; selling or distributing a CD-ROM of examples from OReilly books does require permission. Answering a question by citing this book and quoting example code does not require permission; incorporating a significant amount of example code from this book into your products documentation does require permission.
We appreciate, but do not require, attribution. An attribution usually includes the title, author, publisher, and ISBN, for example: Python for Unix and Linux System Administration by Noah Gift and Jeremy M. Jones. Copyright 2008 Noah Gift and Jeremy M. Jones, 978-0-596-51582-9.
If you feel your use of code examples falls outside fair use or the permission given above, feel free to contact us at .
Safari Books Online
Note
When you see a Safari Books Online icon on the cover of your favorite technology book, that means the book is available online through the OReilly Network Safari Bookshelf.
Safari offers a solution thats better than e-books. Its a virtual library that lets you easily search thousands of top tech books, cut and paste code samples, download chapters, and find quick answers when you need the most accurate, current information. Try it for free at http://safari.oreilly.com.
How to Contact Us
Please address comments and questions concerning this book to the publisher:
OReilly Media, Inc. |
1005 Gravenstein Highway North |
Sebastopol, CA 95472 |
800-998-9938 (in the United States or Canada) |
707-829-0515 (international or local) |
707-829-0104 (fax) |
We have a web page for this book, where we list errata, examples, and any additional information. You can access this page at:
http://www.oreilly.com/9780596515829 |
To comment or ask technical questions about this book, send email to:
For more information about our books, conferences, Resource Centers, and the OReilly Network, see our website at:
Acknowledgments
Noahs Acknowledgments
As I sit writing an acknowledgment for this book, I have to first mention Dr. Joseph E. Bogen, because he made the single largest impact on me, at a time that it mattered the most. I met Dr. Bogen while I was working at Caltech, and he opened my eyes to another world giving me advice on life, psychology, neuroscience, math, the scientific study of consciousness, and much more. He was the smartest person I ever met, and was someone I loved. I am going to write a book about this experience someday, and I am saddened that he wont be there to read it, his death was a big loss.