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Preston Michael - A Pirate of Exquisite Mind: Explorer, Naturalist, and Buccaneer: The Life of William Dampier

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Preston Michael A Pirate of Exquisite Mind: Explorer, Naturalist, and Buccaneer: The Life of William Dampier

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Darwin took his books aboard the Beagle. Swift and Defoe used his experiences as inspiration in writing Gullivers Travels and Robinson Crusoe. Captain Cook relied on his observations while voyaging around the world. Coleridge called him a genius and a man of exquisite mind. In the history of exploration, nobody has ventured further than Englishman William Dampier. Yet while the exploits of Cook, Shackleton, and a host of legendary explorers have been widely chronicled, those of perhaps the greatest are virtually invisible todayan omission that Diana and Michael Preston have redressed in this vivid, compelling biography.

As a young man Dampier spent several years in the swashbuckling company of buccaneers in the Caribbean. At a time when surviving one voyage across the Pacific was cause for celebration, Dampier ultimately journeyed three times around the world; his bestselling books about his experiences were a sensation, influencing generations of scientists, explorers, and writers. He was the first to deduce that winds cause currents and the first to produce wind maps across the world, surpassing even the work of Edmund Halley. He introduced the concept of the sub-species that Darwin later built into his theory of evolution, and his description of the breadfruit was the impetus for Captain Blighs voyage on the Bounty. Dampier reached Australia 80 years before Cook, and he later led the first formal expedition of science and discovery there.

A Pirate of Exquisite Mind restores William Dampier to his rightful place in historyone of the pioneers on whose insights our understanding of the natural world was built.

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I may without vanity encourage the reader to expect many things wholly new - photo 1

I may without vanity encourage the reader

to expect many things wholly new.

William Dampier

A PIRATE OF EXQUISITE MIND

Also by Diana Preston

A FIRST RATE TRAGEDY:
Robert Falcon Scott and the Race to the South Pole

THE BOXER REBELLION:
The Dramatic Story of China's War on Foreigners
That Shook the World in the Summer of 1900

LUSITANIA: An Epic Tragedy

A PIRATE

OF EXQUISITE MIND

Explorer, Naturalist, and Buccaneer:

The list of William Dampier

DIANA MICHAEL PRESTON Copyright 2004 by Diana and Michael Preston All - photo 2

DIANA & MICHAEL PRESTON

Copyright 2004 by Diana and Michael Preston All rights reserved No part of - photo 3

Copyright 2004 by Diana and Michael Preston

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publisher.

First published in the United States of America in 2004 by
Walker Publishing Company, Inc.

For information about permission to reproduce selections from this book, write to Permissions, Walker dc Company, 104 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10011

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Preston, Diana.

A pirate of exquisite mind : explorer, naturalist, and buccaneer : the life of William Dampier / Diana & Michael Preston,

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references (p. )

eISBN: 978-0-802-71813-6

1. Dampier, William, 1651-1715. 2. ExplorersGreat BritainBiography. 3. HydrologistsGreat BritainBiography 4. NaturalistsGreat Britain Biography. 5. Voyages around the world. I. Preston, Michael. II. Title.

G246.D17P74 2004

910'. 92dc22

[B]

2003062197

Book design by Maura Fadden Rosenthal/Mspaceny

Visit Walker & Company's Web site at www.walkerbooks.com

Printed in the United States of America
2 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3 1

CONTENTS

W e are indebted to several individuals and organizations in the United Kingdom for their help and expertise: Peter Allmond, Bodleian Library, Oxford, who traced some rare publications; Dr. Serena Marner of the Fielding-Druce Herbarium, Oxford University, for showing us the botanical specimens Dampier brought back from New Holland, New Guinea, and Brazil; Mike Dorling, Collections Manager, the Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences, Cambridge, for access to the stone ax and slingshot Dampier brought back from his voyages. Dr. James Kelly, Worcester College, Oxford, for his guidance on the story of the buccaneers and, in particular, for sharing his knowledge of Captain Sharp and of the parallels between Dampier's and Defoe's writings; Professor Glyndwr Williams for his insight into the early history of Europeans in New Holland; Tim Severin for guidance on visiting the Darien; Patric Dickinson, Richmond Herald, College of Arms, for help with sources; and Richard Timmis for his kindness in allowing us to visit Hymerford House, and Pat Switzer, who gave us a fascinating tour. Our thanks also to the staff and archivists of the Bodleian Library, the British Library, the London Library, the Royal Society, the Public Record Office, the Guild Hall Library, the Bristol Central Library, the Bristol Record Office, the Somerset Record Office, and the Bury St. Edmunds branch of the Suffolk Record Office.

In Australia, we greatly appreciated the help of Dr. Mike McCarthy, of the Western Australia Maritime Museum, who advised us on our Australian research and travel, as well as sharing his experiences of his discovery of the wreck of the Roebuck off Ascension Island. We are also grateful to the Aboriginal communities of One Arm Point, especially Irene Davey, and of Bidyadanga, especially Edna Hopiga, Lenny Hopiga, Norman Munroe, and Gordon Marshall, for allowing us to visit Dampier's landing sites at Karrakatta and Lagrange Bays. Both communities generously shared their people's memories with us. We also appreciated the advice and expertise of Alex George and Roberta Cowan about Dampier and the flora and fauna of western Australia, and the help of Hugh Edwards and Les Moss, who shared their knowledge of the history of western Australia and Shark Bay in particular. The State Library of New South Wales gave us useful advice on sources. In addition, we thank Daniel Balint and Geoff Parker in Broome, who facilitated our visits to Karrakatta and Legrange Bays; Heath and Travis Francis, who took us in their boat to Dirk Hartog Island; Quoin Sellenger and Lini Ironfield of the Monkey Mia Dolphin Resort; Alex Dent, who led us into the bush; and Qantas, Sky west Airlines, and the Western Australia Tourist Commission, which helped make our visits possible.

In the United States, we are grateful in particular to Dr. Joel Baer of Macalester College, who generously shared some of his own research with us and pointed us to other potential sources of information; Dr. Susan Solomon for advice about the history of meteorology; and Lily Bardi-Ullmann, who once again tirelessly tracked down rare publications. We would also like to thank Jean Merritt Mihalyka for her advice about the Accomack County Records and the staffs of the Virginia Record Office, the Mariners' Museum, Newport News, the Jamestown Museum, the College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, and the Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, for their helpful responses to our requests for information.

In Panama, our thanks go to Marco Gandasegui of Ancon Expeditions, who arranged for us to see as much of the Darien associated with Dampier as was possible, given armed activity in some places, and to our guide, naturalist Alvaro Perez, who not only saved us from snakes but opened our eyes to the beauty of the rain forest. In Jamaica, Colin Mac-Donald's insights, as he took us around Spanish Town and to the site of Bybrook, were invaluable. In Hong Kong, we appreciated the advice of the Hong Kong Geographical Society, in particular Jacs Taylor-Smith, Catherine Hui, and Ron Clibborn-Dyer, about St. John's Island. For our trip to the Galapagos, we are grateful to David Howells of Galapagos Adventure Tours, to our guide, Juan Talapia, and to the crew of the sailing yacht Sulidae. In Southeast Asia, we are grateful to Robert Scoble for his advice on the history of the region and for helping us arrange our travel. Our grateful thanks also to the crew of the brigantine Soren Larsen for sharing their knowledge of the sea and sailing ships and for tolerating our landlubberly attempts at rope hauling, steering, and sail-setting with kindness and good humor.

The advice of our agents, Bill Hamilton in London and Michael Carlisle in New York, has, as usual, been invaluable. So has the support and encouragement of George Gibson and his excellent team at Walker & Company in the United States and of Marianne Velmans at Transworld/Doubleday in the United Kingdom. Family and friends have as ever been generous with their support and encouragement. We especially want to thank St. John Brown, Clinton Leeks, Kim and Sharon Lewison, and Neil Munro for their insightful comments on the draft, Lydia Lewison for help with Spanish translation, and Donald and Ingrid Wallace for their medical advice, in particular on reasons why livers go black and dry.

A PIRATE OF EXQUISITE MIND

O ne day, in September 1683 in the Cape Verde Islands off the west coast of Africa, William Dampier lay "obscured" among the scrubby vegetation to do some bird-watching. He was excited. He had just caught his first sight of flamingos. The detail and delicacy of his descriptions would gladden any modern ornithologist. The flamingos were "much like a heron in shape," though "bigger and of a reddish colour," and in such numbers that from a distance they appeared like "a brick wall, their feathers being of the color of new red brick." They nested in shallow ponds "where there is much mud which they scrape together making little hillocks like small islands... where they leave a small, hollow pit to lay their eggs.... They never lay more than two eggs.... The young ones are at first of a light grey."

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