Dona Herweck Rice - Traits for Survival

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Dona Herweck Rice

Consultant

Sterling Vamvas

Chemist, Orange County

Water District

Image Credits: Cover & p.1 iStock; p. 2021

(background) Anthony Pierce/Alamy; pp.22

(bottom), 2425 (background) blickwinkel/Alamy;

p.20 Marvin Dembinsky Photo Associates/Alamy;

p.23 (top) Juniors Bildarchiv GmbH/Alamy; p.25

(bottom) The Natural History Museum/Alamy;

p.21 (bottom) Steve Bloom Images/Alamy; p.15

(illustration) Tim Bradley; p.19 (top) Joel Sartore/

Getty Images; p.17 (middle) Lexa Hoang;

backcover & pp.25 (background & bottom right),

67 (background), 912 (top), 13 (bottom), 14 (top

right), 1617 (background & bottom left), 1718

(background), 22 (top), 2526 (background) iStock;

p.32 Megan Iatzko; p.8 (bottom right) Cordelia

Molloy/Science Source; p.8 (top left) NOAA Okeanos

Explorer Program, INDEX-SATAL 2010, NOAA/OER;

p.17 (top) Power and Syred/SPL/Science Source; p.23

(bottom) Wikipedia; p.18 (bottom left) Art Wolfe/

Science Source; pp.2829 (illustrations) Janelle

Bell-Martin; all other images from Shutterstock.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Rice, Dona, author.

Traits for survival / Dona Herweck Rice.

pages cm

Summary: Some animals are covered in fuzzy fur.

Others travel thousands of miles each year, searching

for warm weather and food. Some can even blend into

their environment. These are traits that help animals

surviveProvided by publisher.

Audience: K to grade 3.

Includes index.

ISBN 978-1-4807-4639-8 (pbk.)

ISBN 1-4807-4639-8 (pbk.)

ISBN 978-1-4807-5083-8 (ebook)

1. AnimalsAdaptationJuvenile literature.

2. Animal defensesJuvenile literature.

3. Adaptation (Biology)Juvenile literature. I. Title.

QH546.R54 2015

591.47dc23

2014034230

Teacher Created Materials

5301 Oceanus Drive

Huntington Beach, CA 92649-1030

http://www.tcmpub.com

ISBN 978-1-4807-4639-8

ePUB ISBN 978-1-5457-0545-2

2015 Teacher Created Materials, Inc.

Where on Earth would you like to live? Chances are, you

can find a way to live there! Do you want to live in a blazing hot

desert? Houses built underground or with a good air conditioner

can help you live comfortably in the heat. Do you want to live

under the sea? A watertight house with air piped in can make

that happen. How about living in a freezing tundra ? Thick walls

and a good parka can help make that possible.

king penguins

Adapt comes from Latin

words that mean to fit.

We humans can deal with the conditions of

almost any place we want to live. We have amazing

brains that make a lot of things possible for us. But

what if we couldnt use our brains to help us survive

the conditions of our environment ? Our bodies

would have to adapt to make life livable.

clown frogfish

boreal owl

Adaptation is the name of the game

for animal species . Qualities that

offer the best chance for survival grow

strongest in a species. Qualities that

dont support its chances fade away

or the species does!

Species hold on to what makes

them best able to survive. Of course,

a species doesnt just think, Hey, this

is working out pretty well for us. Lets

keep it! It doesnt choose anything.

Instead, an animals body adapts

over time.

But sudden changes may come to

a species home. A drought may stop

the flow of water. Food sources could

die out. Or fire may destroy a species

home. Species dont adapt quickly to

such big changes. They need to move

to a new home, or they may die out.

Dogs dont sweat through their skin

like humans do. They have adapted

to pant, which circulates air in their

bodies and cools them down.

Hearing

Whales communicate
with one another across
thousands of miles of
ocean water.

Sight

Owls that need to spot
their prey from great
distances have developed
sharp eyesight

Smell

Sharks have
adapted to smell
and locate a single
drop of blood.

Taste

Humans have
developed a dislike for
foods that taste bitter,
as these foods are
sometimes poisonous.

Touch

Plants like the Venus
flytrap have sensitive
leaves that feel when
a tasty meal has landed
on them.

Five Fierce Senses

Species rely on their senses of taste, touch,
hearing, smelling, and seeing to survive.

Traits are the qualities that exist in DNA. There are physical

traits such as eye color and the shape of teeth. And there are

instincts , such as the urge to hunt or mate.

Among these traits are traits for survival. These are the qualities

that help a species live and thrive . Many of them are adaptations.

They help species adapt to fit their environment. These adaptations

may change over time to give species the best chance to survive.

Without these traits, many species would have died out long ago.

Some traits are common, and you may know them well. But some

traits are uncommonand as weird as anything you can imagine!

Cats bodies have adapted to

make them great hunters. Their

eyes give them night vision to

hunt their prey in the dark.

Tripod Fish

The tripod fish has adapted for
fast-food dining! The fishs body
has bony spikes that anchor it to the
ocean floor. It faces the oncoming
current with its mouth open, and
food just floats down the hatch!

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