E.D. Hirsch Jr. - What Your Fifth Grader Needs to Know: Fundamentals of a Good Fifth-Grade Education

All authors earnings from the sale of this book go to the nonprofit Core Knowledge Foundation, dedicated to the improvement of education for all children. Information about the activities and materials of the foundation are available from the Core Knowledge Foundation, 2012-B Morton Drive, Charlottesville, VA 22901.

A Delta Book
Published by
Dell Publishing
a division of
Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc.
1540 Broadway
New York, New York 10036

Copyright 1993 by Core Publications, Inc.: Core Knowledge Foundation
Core Knowledge is a trademark of the Core Knowledge Foundation.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the written permission of the Publisher, except where permitted by law. For information address Doubleday, a division of Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc., New York, New York.

The trademark Delta is registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and in other countries.

eBook ISBN: 978-0-8041-8040-5

Reprinted by arrangement with Doubleday, a division of Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc.

RRH

v3.1

This book is dedicated to
Cleo, fifth grader-to-be in 2000.

This series has depended upon the help, advice, and encouragement of some two thousand people. Some of those singled out here know already the depth of my gratitude; others may be surprised to find themselves thanked publicly for help they gave quietly and freely for the sake of the enterprise alone. To helpers named and unnamed I am deeply grateful.

Project Manager: Tricia Emlet

Editors: Tricia Emlet (Text), Rae Grant (Art), Elaine Moran (Text)

Artists and Writers: Nancy Bryson (Physical Sciences), Jacques Chazaud (Illustration), Bernadine Connelly (World Civilization), Tricia Emlet (Geography), Leslie Evans (Illustration), Jonathan Fuqua (Illustration), Julie C. Grant (Illustration), Marie Hawthorne (Science Biographies), E. D. Hirsch, Jr. (Physical Sciences), John Hirsch (Mathematics), John Holdren (Learning About Literature, Stories, World and American Civilizations), Jennifer Howard (Speeches, Science Biographies), Blair Logwood Jones (Stories), Phillip Jones (Illustration), Bethanne H. Kelly (Stories, Sayings), Gail McIntosh (Illustration), Elaine Moran (Visual Arts), A. Brooke Russell (Geography, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences), Peter Ryan (Music), Lindley Shutz (Learning About Language, Speeches), Joel Smith (Illustration), Helen Storey (Sayings), Steven M. Sullivan (American Civilization), Alexandra Webber (Illustration)

Art and Photo Research: Rae Grant

Research and Editing Assistants: Raphael Alvarado (Art), Elaine Moran (Text), Martha Clay Sullivan (Text)

Permissions: Martha Clay Sullivan

Advisers on Multiculturalism: Minerva Allen, Frank de Varona, Mick Fedullo, Dorothy Fields, Elizabeth Fox-Genovese, Marcia Galli, Dan Garner, Henry Louis Gates, Cheryl Kulas, Joseph C. Miller, Gerry Raining Bird, Dorothy Small, Sharon Stewart-Peregoy, Sterling Stuckey, Marlene Walking Bear, Lucille Watahomigie, Ramona Wilson

Advisers on Elementary Education: Joseph Adelson, Isobel Beck, Paul Bell, Carl Bereiter, David Bjorklund, Constance Jones, Elizabeth LaFuze, J. P. Lutz, Jean Osborne, Sandra Scarr, Nancy Stein, Phyllis Wilkin

Advisers on Technical Subject Matters: Richard Anderson, Andrew Gleason, Eric Karell, Joseph Kett, Michael Lynch, Joseph C. Miller, Margaret Redd, Mark Rush, Ralph Smith, Nancy Summers, James Trefil, Nancy Wayne

Conferees, March 1990: Nola Bacci, Joan Baratz-Snowden, Thomasyne Beverley, Thomas Blackton, Angela Burkhalter, Monty Caldwell, Thomas M. Carroll, Laura Chapman, Carol Anne Collins, Lou Corsaro, Henry Cotton, Anne Coughlin, Arietta Dimberg, Debra P. Douglas, Patricia Edwards, Janet Elenbogen, Mick Fedullo, Michele Fomalont, Nancy Gercke, Mamon Gibson, Jean Haines, Barbara Hayes, Stephen Herzog, Helen Kelley, Brenda King, John King, Elizabeth LaFuze, Diana Lam, Nancy Lambert, Doris Langaster, Richard LaPointe, Lloyd Lever ton, Madeleine Long, Allen Luster, Joseph McGeehan, Janet McLin, Gloria McPhee, Marcia Mallard, Judith Matz, William J. Moloney, John Morabito, Robert Morrill, Roberta Morse, Karen Nathan, Dawn Nichols, Valeta Paige, Mary Perrin, Joseph Piazza, Jeanne Price, Marilyn Rauth, Judith Raybern, Mary Reese, Richard Rice, Wallace Saval, John Saxon, Jan Schwab, Ted Sharp, Diana Smith, Richard Smith, Trevanian Smith, Carol Stevens, Nancy Summers, Michael Terry, Robert Todd, Elois Veltman, Sharon Walker, Mary Ann Ward, Penny Williams, Charles Wootten, Clarke Worthington, Jane York

The Three Oaks Elementary School: Constance Jones, Principal; Cecelia Cook, Assistant Principal

Teachers: Joanne Anderson, Linda Anderson, Nancy Annichiarico, Deborah Backes, Katherine Ann Bedingfield, Barbara Bittner, Michael Blue, Coral Boudin, Nancy Bulgerin, Jodene Cebak, Cheryl Chastain, Paula Clark, Betty Cook, Laura DeProfio, Holly DeSantis, Cindy Donmoyer, Lisa Eastridge, Amy Germer, Elizabeth Graves, Jennifer Gunder, Eileen Hafer, Helen Hallman, Donna Hernandez, Kathleen Holzborn, Robert Horner, Jenni Jones, Zoe Ann Klusacek, Annette Lopez, Barbara Lyon, Cindy Miller, Lelar Miller, Laura Morse, Karen Naylor, Joanne ONeill, Jill Pearson, Linda Peck, Rebecca Poppe, Janet Posch, Judy Quest, Angie Richards, Angie Ryan, April Santarelli, Patricia Scott, Patricia Stapleton, Pamela Stewart, Jeanne Storm, Phillip Storm, Katherine Twomey, Karen Ward

Benefactors: the Dade County School District, the Exxon Education Foundation, the Lee County School District, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Shutz Foundation

Morale Boosters: Polly Hirsch, Robert Payton, Rafe Sagalyn, Nancy Brown Wellin

Our grateful acknowledgment to these persons does not imply that we have taken their (sometimes conflicting) advice in every case, or that each of them endorses all aspects of this project. Responsibility for final decisions must rest with the editor alone. Suggestions for improvements are very welcome, and I wish to thank in advance those who send advice for revising and improving this series.