The publisher gratefully acknowledges the generous support of the Fletcher Jones Foundation Humanities Endowment Fund of the University of California Press Foundation.
JUMPING FROGS
UNDISCOVERED, REDISCOVERED, AND CELEBRATED WRITINGS OF MARK TWAIN
Named after one of Mark Twains best-known and beloved short stories, the Jumping Frogs series of books brings neglected treasures from Mark Twains pen to readers.
1. Is He Dead? A Comedy in Three Acts, by Mark Twain. Edited with foreword, afterword, and notes by Shelley Fisher Fishkin.
Text established by the Mark Twain Project, The Bancroft Library. Illustrations by Barry Moser.
2. Mark Twains Helpful Hints for Good Living: A Handbook for the Damned Human Race, by Mark Twain. Edited by Lin Salamo, Victor Fischer, and Michael B. Frank of the Mark Twain Project, The Bancroft Library.
3. Mark Twains Book of Animals, by Mark Twain. Edited with introduction, afterword, and notes by Shelley Fisher Fishkin.
Texts established by the Mark Twain Project, The Bancroft Library. Illustrations by Barry Moser.
4. Dear Mark Twain: Letters from His Readers. Edited by R. Kent Rasmussen.
5. A Family Sketch and Other Private Writings, by Mark Twain, Livy Clemens, and Susy Clemens. Edited by Benjamin Griffin of the Mark Twain Project, The Bancroft Library.
A FAMILY SKETCH AND OTHER PRIVATE WRITINGS
A Family Sketch
and
Other Private Writings
BY
Mark Twain
Livy Clemens
Susy Clemens
EDITED BY
Benjamin Griffin
OF THE MARK TWAIN PROJECT
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS
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University of California Press
Oakland, California
A Family Sketch and Other Private Writings by Mark Twain; Livy Clemens; Susy Clemens Copyright 2014, 2001 by the Mark Twain Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
Transcription, reconstruction, and creation of the texts, introduction, and notes, Copyright 2014 by The Regents of the University of California. The Mark Twain Foundation expressly reserves to itself, its successors and assigns, all dramatization rights in every medium, including without limitation stage, radio, television, motion picture, and public reading rights, in and to these texts and all other texts by Mark Twain and members of his family in copyright to the Mark Twain Foundation.
All texts by Mark Twain and his family members in A Family Sketch and Other Private Writings have been published previously, by permission of the Mark Twain Foundation, in the Mark Twain Projects Microfilm Edition of Mark Twains Literary Manuscripts Available in the Mark Twain Papers, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley (Berkeley: The Bancroft Library, 2001). A True Story, Repeated Word for Word as I Heard It was first published in the Atlantic Monthly, November 1874. Mark Twain by Susy Clemens was published, by permission of the Mark Twain Foundation, as Papa: An Intimate Biography of Mark Twain, edited by Charles Neider (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1985).
MARK TWAIN PROJECT is a registered trademark of The Regents of the University of California in the United States and the European Community.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Twain, Mark, 18351910.
[Works. Selections]
A family sketch and other private writings / Mark Twain, Livy Clemens, Susy Clemens ; edited by Benjamin Griffin of the Mark Twain Project.
pages cm. (Jumping frogs: undiscovered, rediscovered, and celebrated writings of Mark Twain ; 5) Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 978-0-520-28073-1 (hardback) ISBN 978-0-520-95963-7 (ebook)
1. Twain, Mark, 18351910Family. 2. Authors, American19th centuryBiography. I. Clemens, Olivia Langdon, 18451904. II. Clemens, Susy, 18721896. III. Griffin, Benjamin, 1968 editor. IV. Title.
PS 1302. G 75 2014
818.409--dc232014008634
[B]
Manufactured in the United States of America
23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of ANSI/NISO Z 39.481992 ( R 2002) ( Permanence of Paper ).
CONTENTS
BY M ARK T WAIN
BY M ARK T WAIN
BY M ARK T WAIN
BY M ARK T WAIN
BY L IVY C LEMENS
BY S USY C LEMENS
INTRODUCTION
This book publishes in full, for the first time, the two most revealing of Mark Twains private writings about his family life, neither of them actually written for publication. In their company we have placed closely related writing by his wife, Olivia (Livy), and by his eldest daughter, Susy. In this collection the reader will find Samuel Langhorne Clemens in the context of the daily life he shared with Livy, their three daughters, a great many servants, and an imposing array of pets.
The exuberant Family Sketch has its origins in Mark Twains response to unimaginable loss. Susy Clemens died on 18 August 1896, at the age of twenty-four, succumbing to meningitis in the Hartford, Connecticut, house where she and her sisters were raised. Her father, mother, and sister Clara were in England, having just completed a tour around the world. Alerted by cablegram to her illness, mother and daughter crossed the Atlantic to be with Susy. She died before they arrived. Starting in these first days of his grief, and continuing at intervals over the next five years, Mark Twain tried to write a memorial to Susy, accumulating a large mass of mostly unfinished manuscript. Some of this material was eventually incorporated into his Autobiography, which he dictated and compiled in 19069; but most of it remains unpublished. Inevitably, his project of a memorial to Susy was never completed. Years later, his secretary, Isabel V. Lyon, recorded his admission that he was never able to write a memorial
Yet from these abandoned papers, full of loose ends and repetitions, there arose one complete and startling essay. It springs from the same impetus as the rest of the Susy memorial manuscripts: its original title was In Memory of Olivia Susan Clemens, 18721896. But having set out to commemorate Susy, Clemens found A Family Sketch growing under his hands to become an account of the entire householdfamily and servants too. Servants especially, we might say; for herein will be found his fullest and most revealing account of the household servants, their characters and their part in the Clemenses lives. Four of them, especially long-serving, are singled out for greater attention: Patrick McAleer (coachman), George Griffin (butler), Katy Leary (ladys maid; housekeeper, after Livys death), and Rosina Hay (nursemaid). To these must be added the remarkable account of Maria McLaughlin, wet-nurse, of brief tenure and immortal fame. Free from the anguished note that runs through the other Susy manuscripts, A Family Sketch describes the Clemens family in the period of its flourishing.