T K Oesterreich - 4 July

The International Library of Psychology

POSSESSION:

DEMONIACAL AND OTHER

Founded by C. K. Ogden

The International Library of Psychology

ANTHROPOLOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY
In 6 Volumes

POSSESSION:

DEMONIACAL AND OTHER

Among Primitive Races, in Antiquity, the Middle Ages and Modern Times

T K OESTERREICH

First published in 1930
by Routledge

Reprinted in 1999, 2000, 2001
by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN

Transferred to Digital Printing 2007

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group

1930 T K Oesterreich, Translated by D Ibberson

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

The publishers have made every effort to contact authors/copyright holders of the works reprinted in the International Library of Psychology. This has not been possible in every case, however, and we would welcome correspondence from those individuals/companies we have been unable to trace.

These reprints are taken from original copies of each book. In many cases the condition of these originals is not perfect. The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of these reprints, but wishes to point out that certain characteristics of the original copies will, of necessity, be apparent in reprints thereof.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Possession: Demoniacal and Other

ISBN 0415-20952-8

Anthropology and Psychology: 6 Volumes

ISBN 0415-21125-5

The International Library of Psychology: 204 Volumes

ISBN 0415-19132-7

CONTENTS

CHAPTER

Changes in the physiognomy of the possessed

Changes of voice

Muscular strength

Old descriptions

Apparent substitution of the spiritual individuality operating in the organism

Examples of dialogues with possessing spirits,

Autobiography of one of these

Somnambulistic possession without inner duplication

Transformation of the personality

The problem of division of the subject

Kerners and Eschenmayers cases

The Janet-Raymond case

Jeanne des Anges

Father Surin

Staudenmaier

Caroline St.

Fritz Algar

Montan

Possession and obsession

Temptations

Transformations of lucid possession

Jeanne des Anges

Autosuggestion and compulsive processes

Fathers Surin, Tranquille, Lactance

Kerners cases

Causation of possession by medical treatment

Expulsion of possessing spirits,

The magic papyrus of Paris

The Manuale Exorcismorum

Exorcism in Japan

Cure by simple autosuggestion

A modern psychological exorcism by P. Janet

The death through possession of Lactance

Extension of the idea of exorcism

Age and sex of the possessed

Modern extensions of the idea of possession

Unconscious possession

Allied morbid states of the present day: psychasthenia

Acute hysterical attacks

History of psychic pathology

Possession in Africa

Amongst the Kabyle

In Central Africa

In Abyssinia

In East Africa

Amongst the Ba-Ronga of South-East Africa

In South Africa

In Asia

Amongst the Bataks of the Malay Archipelago

1. Antiquity.The region of the Tigris and Euphrates

Ancient Egypt

Hellenistic Egypt

Classical antiquity

Primitive and classical Greece

Late antiquity

Early Christian times

The Christians as exorcists

Possession amongst the Jews

The Old Testament: Saul

The time of Jesus

The last days of Judaism

Possession in Ancient India

2. The Middle Ages.Cases from the life of St. Augustine

Bernard of Clairvaux

Henry the Saint

The Kabbala

In Syria

In Northern Africa, 186.

3. Modern times.Luther

The epidemics of possession

The possessed and witches

Zooanthropy

The Age of Enlightenment

The romantic period

In France and England

Russia

Greece

America

(The Catholic attitude

Protestantism

Spiritualism

France

Germany

Russia

The Jews of Eastern Europe

America

The Near East

India

Siam

Burmah

China

Japan

Egypt

Arabia

Abyssinia

Autosuggestibility of primitive races

Cases of death by autosuggestion

Artificial and voluntary possession amongst primitives

Masked dances

Shamanism amongst the pigmies of the Malay Peninsula

Amongst the Veddas of Ceylon

Shamanism amongst primitive races of normal stature

In Central Africa

Tripolitania

East Africa

The Malay Archipelago

The Bataks of Sumatra

Malacca

The Tonga Islands

First-hand testimony of a native

Melanesia

New Guinea

The Fiji Islands

America

The masked dances of the South American Indians

North American Indians

The semi-civilizations of ancient America

Ancient accounts

Gmelin

Wrangel

Castrn

Pallas

Choice of Shamans

Their social importance

True North Asiatic Shamanism not possession

Radloffs description

Tschubinow

Cassandra

The Pythoness of Delphi

Recent descriptions of her states of inspiration

Ancient sources

The problem of the chasm in the Adyton of the temple

The psychological nature of the Pythoness state

The part played by the priests

The oracles

History of the authority and influence of the oracle

Relations between Christian antiquity and the Pythoness

Later views

The Sibyls

The cult of Dionysos

The Bacch of Euripides

Religious fervour of the cult

Divine possession in the Mysteries of Jamblichus

The corybantism of the Phrygian cults, 344. Possession in the other oracles

Platos theory of possession

The Emperor Julian

Possession in Egypt

In Asia

Possession in the Hindu religion

The devil-dancers of Southern India and Ceylon

Burmah

Siam

China

Early accounts

Marco Polo

Wu possession in the Chinese oracles and their kinship with that of Delphi