THE GREAT PARTITION
Yasmin Khan is Associate Professor of History and Fellow of Kellogg College, University of Oxford. The Great Partition, her first book, was the winner of the Royal Historical Societys Gladstone Prize and has been translated into Urdu and Hindi. She is also the author of The Raj at War: A Peoples History of Indias Second World War (2015).
Further praise for The Great Partition:
Intelligent and empathetic. David Gilmour, Literary Review
A compassionate and devastating book for all who wish to understand attitudes on the subcontinent today. Judith M. Brown, author of Nehru
Khans eye for detail strongly evokes the issues, personalities and events at this crucial moment in the subcontinents modern history. Narrative and sharp analysis go hand in hand in a work which bears all the hallmarks of a first-rate scholar. Ian Talbot, author of A History of Modern South Asia
A powerful book. Susan Williams, Independent
Khans excellent book attempts to unlace the great ambiguities that characterized the years immediately before and after independence. Ms. Khan succeeds admirably. Karan Mahajan, New York Sun
To a country that took its territorial unity for granted, the partition of India came as a rude shock; its impact reverberates through the pages of this illuminating book. Dietmar Rothermund, author of India
A touchstone in the retelling of one of the twentieth centurys greatest calamities. David Arnold, University of Warwick, and Fellow of the British Academy and of the Royal Asiatic Society
An exceptional book. Yasmin Khan has written a vivid, authoritative and accessible account of one of the greatest human tragedies and dislocations of the modern era. Andrew Whitehead, editor of History Workshop Journal and former BBC South Asia correspondent
A gripping and readable book that the reviewer would recommend for any course dealing with the Indian freedom movement, independence, partition, and the bitter legacy of those traumatic times. Gail Minault, Historian
Cover photograph: Sikhs migrating to their new homeland during the Partition of India. Photo by Margaret Bourke-White/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images.
Cover: www.headdesign.co.uk
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Library of Congress Control Number: 2017940021
ISBN 978-0-300-23032-1
First edition ISBN 978-0-300-12078-3 (hbk)
First edition ISBN 978-0-300-14333-1 (pbk)
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
For Javed Khan, in memory
Contents
Maps
Abbreviations
AICC | All India Congress Committee |
AIHM | All India Hindu Mahasabha |
CPI | Communist Party of India |
CWMG | The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi (New Delhi: Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, 1958) |
FNR | Fortnightly Reports |
ICS | Indian Civil Service |
INA | Indian National Army |
IOR | India Office Records |
JP | Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah Papers, ed. Z.H. Zaidi (Islamabad: National Archives of Pakistan, 1993) |
NAI | National Archives of India, New Delhi |
NMML | Nehru Memorial Museum and Library, New Delhi |
NWFP | North West Frontier Province |
R&R | Relief and Rehabilitation |
RSS | Rashtriya Swayam Sevak Sangh |
SPC | Sardar Patels Correspondence, 194550, ed. D. Das (Ahmedabad: Navajivan, 1971) |
SWGBP | Selected Works of Govind Ballabh Pant, ed. B.R. Nanda (New Delhi and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993) |
SWJN | Selected works of Jawaharlal Nehru, ed. S. Gopal, series 1 (New Delhi: Orient Longman, 19721982), series 2 (New Delhi: Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund; distributed by Oxford University Press, 1984) |
TOP | Constitutional Relations between Britain and India. The Transfer of Power, 19427 ed. Nicholas Mansergh and E.W.R. Lumby (London: H.M. Stationery Office, 197083) |
UP | United Provinces. The state was renamed Uttar Pradesh (literally Northern Province) in 1950 |
UPSA | Uttar Pradesh State Archives, Lucknow |
USSA | United States State Department Archives, Washington DC |
Glossary
ahimsa | non-violence; policy of non-violence used by Gandhi |
akhara | gymnasium; club |
anna | small unit of Indian money |
azadi | freedom |
Bakr-Id | Muslim festival during which animals are sacrificed |
bania | shopkeeper; grocer |
bhadralok | Indian elite, especially in Bengal |
bustees, bastis | shanty towns |
charpoi | bed or seat made from wood and rope |
crore | ten million |
dalit | literally, oppressed; untouchable, outcaste |
fatwa | notification of a decision of Muslim law; decree; verdict |
ghat | river bank; cremation site |
goonda | criminal, thug |
harijan | literally, children of God; untouchable, outcaste |
hartal | strike or protest, specifically, shutting the shops in a market |
Holi | Hindu spring festival during which coloured water or coloured powder is splashed on friends, family or passers-by |
Jai Hind | Victory to India |
jatha | organised group, gang or band |
kafan | funeral shroud |
kafila | caravan or foot column |
Kalma | Islamic recitation |
khadi | homespun cloth |
kisan | cultivator, farmer |
lakh | one hundred thousand |
lathi | a staff or club |
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