Pembroke Richard de Clare - Strongbow: the Norman invasion of Ireland
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- Book:Strongbow: the Norman invasion of Ireland
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To my Aoife
With thanks to Nathan Reynard and Katharine Simms for their helpful feedback on earlier drafts of this book.
Afe Mac Murchada, Leinster princess
Asculv Mac Turcaill, ruler of Dublin
Basilia, sister of Strongbow
Derbforgaill, wife of Tigernn Ua Ruairc
Diarmait Mac Murchada, king of Leinster
Domnall Cemnach Mac Murchada, Leinster prince
Domnall Mac Gilla Ptraic, king of Osraige
Gerald de Barri, cleric and historian
Henry II, king of England
Hervey de Montmorency, adventurer and Strongbows uncle
Hugh de Lacy, Norman lord
John the Wode, Viking hero
Lorcn Ua Tuathail, archbishop of Dublin
Maurice de Prendergast, leader of Flemish troops
Maurice fitz Gerald, Norman knight
Meilyr fitz Henry, Norman knight
Miles de Cogan, Norman commander
Miles fitz David, Norman knight
Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, high king of Ireland
Raymond Le Gros, Norman commander
Robert fitz Stephen, Norman commander
Ruaidr Ua Conchobair, high king of Ireland
Strongbow, Richard fitz Gilbert de Clare
Tigernn Ua Ruairc, lord of Brifne and Conmaicne
| 1110 | Birth of Diarmait Mac Murchada. |
| 1115 | Murder of Diarmaits father by the Hiberno-Norse of Dublin. |
| c1122 | Tigernn Ua Ruairc becomes lord of Brifne and Conmaicne. |
| 1126 | Diarmait becomes ruler of the U Chennselaig and is proclaimed king of Leinster, but is overthrown by the high king. |
| 1128 | Tigernn Ua Ruairc plays a prominent part in a raid against the U Chennselaig, Diarmait is forced to give way. |
| 1130 | Birth of Richard fitz Gilbert de Clare, Strongbow. |
| 1132 | Diarmait attacks Kildare Abbey. |
| 1138 | Diarmait and his allies thwart an incursion from the high king and Tigernn Ua Ruairc. |
| 1141 | Seventeen local rivals murdered or blinded by Diarmait. |
| 1148 | Strongbow inherits his fathers lands and titles. |
| 1151 | The battle of Min Mr, Diarmait survives on the winning side. |
| 1152 | Diarmait, allied with Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, defeats Tigernn Ua Ruairc. Derbforgaill, Tigernns wife, elopes with Diarmait. |
| 1154 | Strongbow faces ruin arising from the hostility of Henry II. |
| 1155 | King Henry II of England proposes an invasion of Ireland, but is dissuaded by his court. |
| 1159 | The battle of Ardee. Diarmait allies with Mac Lochlainn and, in another brutal conflict, defeats Tigernn and his allies, the warriors of Connacht. |
| 1166 | Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn is killed by Tigernn Ua Ruairc and his allies. Ruaidr Ua Conchobair becomes high king and in the company of Tigernn inflicts a heavy defeat on Diarmait. Diarmait flees to Bristol. That autumn, Diarmait seeks out King Henry II of England and offers to become Henrys vassal in return for support. |
| 1167 | The fateful meeting of Diarmait and Strongbow. Diarmait returns to Ireland and rallies the U Chennselaig, but is immediately attacked by Ruaidr and Tigernn. Diarmait is forced to pay honour price to Tigernn for taking Derbforgaill fifteen years earlier. |
| 1169, 1 MAY | |
| The arrival in Ireland, at Bannow, of Robert fitz Stephen, Miles fitz David, Meilyr fitz Henry, Maurice de Prendergast and Strongbows uncle, Hervey de Montmorency. | |
| 1169, SUMMER | |
| Maurice de Prendergast attempts to leave Ireland and, when prevented from doing so by Diarmait, defects to the king of Osraige. | |
| 1169, AUTUMN | |
| Ruaidr Ua Conchobair confronts Diarmait and Robert fitz Stephen, leaving Leinster with hostages and the promise that the Norman troops will be sent back across the Irish Sea. Maurice de Prendergast and his troops escape ambush to report back to Strongbow. | |
| 1170, 1 MAY | |
| Raymond Le Gros, acting for Strongbow, arrives at Dn Domnaill near Waterford and wins a battle against the Hiberno-Norse and their local Irish allies. | |
| 1170, 23 AUGUST | |
| Strongbow sails for Ireland against King Henry IIs commands. Two days later, Waterford is stormed and Strongbow marries Afe Mac Murchada in the aftermath of the slaughter. | |
| 1170, 21 SEPTEMBER | |
| The Hiberno-Norse of Dublin are taken by surprise, while negotiating with Strongbow and Diarmait, and the city is captured. | |
| 1171, c1 MAY | |
| The death of Diarmait Mac Murchada. | |
| 1171, c16 MAY | |
| The deposed ruler of Dublin, Asculv Mac Turcaill, along with John the Wode, bring a Viking army to regain the city, but are defeated by Miles de Cogan. | |
| 1171, SUMMER | |
| Siege of Dublin by the high king and his allies, ended by a surprise attack on Ruaidrs camp and the rout of the Irish army. | |
| 1171, LATE AUTUMN | |
| Tigernn leads the third attack of this year on Dublin and once again Miles de Cogan defends the city, routing the Irish army. | |
| 1171, 17 OCTOBER | |
| The arrival of King Henry II of England in Ireland (near Waterford). From 11 November, Henry spends the winter in Dublin. | |
| 1172, 17 APRIL | |
| Henry II leaves Ireland, having taken oaths of submission from most Irish kings and also having created divisions among the Norman lords remaining in Ireland. | |
| 1172 | Tigernn is betrayed and murdered while in negotiations with Hugh de Lacy, the new Norman lord of Meath. Tigernns head is placed over the gates of Dublin Castle. |
| 1173, AUGUST | |
| Strongbow fights in Normandy for Henry II. | |
| 1173, AUTUMN | |
| Mutiny against Strongbow by his soldiers in Ireland who want further conquests. Raymond Le Gros returns to Waterford to lead these troops and is promised the hand of Strongbows sister, Basilia. | |
| 1174 | At Cashel, Strongbow retreats from a punitive raid. A surge of Irish and Hiberno-Norse risings take place. |
| 1175 | The capture of Limerick by Raymond Le Gros. |
| 1176, 20 APRIL | |
| Strongbow dies of an infection spreading from his foot. |
Ireland before the Normans.
Leinster before the Normans (following FJ Byrne, Irish Kings and High Kings).
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