Bo Jensen - Archaeologies of Gender and Violence

Oxford & Philadelphia

Published in the United Kingdom in 2017 by

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Oxbow Books and the individual contributors 2017

Paperback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78570-688-2

Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78570-689-9 (epub)

Kindle Edition: ISBN 978-1-78570-690-5 (mobi)

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Front cover: Sassanid plate, Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Accession Number 57.709 (design by Ali Roustaeeyanfard).

Back cover: Roman sarcophagus (detail): The retinue of marine Venus. 220/230 CE. Paris, Louvre Ma 396 (after Rumpf 1939, Pl. 25 no. 72).

This volume grew out of the conference session Gender and violence in the past: Materialities and corporealities, chaired by the editors and hosted by the Archaeology and Gender in Europe (AGE) working group at the 2013 meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists (EAA) in Pilsen, Czech Republic (48 September 2013).

Some contributions presented in the original session were already earmarked for publication elsewhere and could not be included here (cf. Mati and Jensen 2013); other colleagues, who had been unable to contribute in Pilsen, offered us contributions to the volume. Thus, the volume developed through several dialogues: between the organizers and the AGE members; between the presenters and delegates at EAA conference session; and between the editors and new contributors to the volume. From the initially planned session, it grew into a volume on archaeologies of gender and violence encompassing some key issues and providing the reader with different approaches to the problem using different case studies.

We would like to thank the AGE, the EAA, and especially the many colleagues who generously helped us with peer-reviews. We would also like to thank everyone who helped in the editing process, especially Simon Dix for improving the English of some chapters. Last but not the least we thank Stephanie Koerner, who provided us with an opening chapter stressing the ethical necessity of dealing with gender and violence, and Louise Hitchcock who provided us with the final chapter of the volume and further encouraged the discussion we started with this volume.

Uro Mati is an archaeologist and Egyptologist with a doctoral degree from the Institute for Egyptology and Coptic Studies, University of Muenster (Germany) on dissertation titled Body and Frames of War in New Kingdom Egypt: Treatments of Enemies and Prisoners of War. In 2016 this project received a prize of Stiftungsfonds fr Postgraduates der gyptologie, Vienna (former Hans Goedicke Stiftung). He published over 30 articles, among else on gender archaeology, violence in New Kingdom Egypt, Aegean-Egyptian interrelations in the New Kingdom and the site of Tell el-Dab c a. Since 2009 he is a member and since 2016 co-chair of the Archaeology and Gender in Europe (AGE) working party of the European Association of Archaeologists (EAA). He has worked on excavations in Serbia, Hungary and Bulgaria since 2006 and from 2012 has been a regular member of the archaeological missions in Tell el-Dab c a and Aswan (Egypt).

Bo Jensen is an archaeologist (PhD) educated in Copenhagen and working on rescue excavations in the Danish commercial sector for a variety of employers. His publications include the monograph Viking Age amulets in Scandinavia and Western Europe (BAR International 2010) and a number of shorter articles, most recently on the archaeology of ritualised killing, as human sacrifice and execution. His research focuses on Viking Age Scandinavia; on issues of symbolism, identity and meaning, and on how these phenomena interact with economy and the exercise of power; and on source-critical issues concerning how representative archaeological archives are and how far our ability to understand the past is structured and limited by past and present data-collection strategies. His work seeks to utilise the entire archive of archaeological knowledge, including stray finds and very early excavations, rather than to rely exclusively on a few exceptional cases of perfect preservation and perfect excavation.

Stephanie Koerner is a lecturer in Liverpool Universitys School of Architecture, and works as a self-employed independent scholar on projects and educational programmes in the arts, which are anchored to local, national and international educational and scholarly institutions. Many of Koerners current publication projects grew through research and teaching since 2000 in the University of Manchesters School of Art, Languages and Cultures, in the subject areas of archaeology, art history and visual studies, and museum and art gallery studies. She is the director of the University of Manchesters SchoolUniversity Partnership Initiative-based programme Mapping Interfaces Cultural Geography and Social Agency in a Complex World . Koerner is co-director of the Sardinia-based International Summer School in European Prehistory, and works as invited guest lecturer at several additional universities in the United Kingdom and Europe throughout the year.

Andr Spatzier was since 2004 employed at the Institute for Art History and Archaeologies of Europe at The Martin Luther University in Halle-Wittenberg on the project Der Aufbruch zu neuen Horizonten: Die Funde von Nebra, Sachsen-Anhalt und ihre Bedeutung fr die Bronzezeit Europas. Since 1997 he has excavated in Germany, Austria and Sri Lanka. He published numerous excavation reports and studies of prehistoric enclosures in Germany. He is currently a post. doc. fellow at Landesamt fr Denkmalpflege und Archologie Sachsen-Anhalt, Landesmuseum fr Vorgeschichte .

Lisbeth Skogstrand is currently employed by the Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage to develop a national research program for submerged archaeology. She has previously been a lecturer in prehistoric archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology, Conservation and History at the University of Oslo and has her PhD on the changes in masculinities in the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age in Scandinavia from the Museum of Cultural History at University of Oslo. She has published several articles on masculinity, gender, and feminist theory in archaeology, and especially studied burials and rock art with a gender perspective. Her most recent publication is Notions of Masculinity from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age in Scandinavia (2016).

Ian Armit is a professor of archaeology at the University of Bradford specialising in the European Iron Age and the archaeology of conflict and violence. He has edited and written twelve books, including most recently Cultural Encounters in Iron Age Europe (Archaeolingua 2016), Celtic Scotland (Birlinn 2016, 3rd edn.) and An Inherited Place: Broxmouth Hillfort and the South-East Scottish Iron Age (Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 2013) and Headhunting and the Body in Iron Age Europe (Cambridge University Press 2012). He has also published more than eighty academic articles and has been an invited speaker in more than twenty-five countries. He has conducted fieldwork on sites and landscapes in the UK, Ireland, France and Sicily, and is currently leading a HERA/European Commission-funded international collaborative project, Encounters and Transformations in Iron Age Europe (ENTRANS) with colleagues in Slovenia and Croatia.