A SURVEY OF ARAB-ISRAELI RELATIONS
19472001
A SURVEY OF ARAB-ISRAELI
RELATIONS 19472001
FIRST EDITION
First Edition 2002
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005.
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Europa Publications Limited 2002
11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE, United Kingdom
(A member of the Taylor & Francis Group)
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be photocopied, recorded, or otherwise reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means without the prior permission of the copyright owner.
ISBN 0-203-40303-7 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 0-203-41168-4 (Adobe eReader Format)
ISBN 1-85743-141-3 (Print Edition)
Editor: David Lea
Assistant Editor: Annamarie Rowe
Contributor: Paul Cossali
Chronology data manipulation and data base design: Bibliocraft Ltd
Foreword
This is the first edition of a new title in Europas range of international reference books, documenting the principal events in one of the most intractable and long-running international disputes in the contemporary world. The book aims to provide a comprehensive and impartial review of the events that have shaped the Arab-Israeli dispute in the period between the end of the British Mandate in Palestine and the present. Europas standing as a current-affairs publisher throughout this period enables it to provide a unique record of the regions events.
The five sections comprising this book aim to approach the issues in such a way as to present the reader with more than one perspective on a particular topic. A chronology of the period gives a record of events with an important bearing on the subject matter. The second section, an essay compiled over time by a number of academics and writers on Middle Eastern affairs, attempts to detail events from 19672001 in a more analytical context. The third part, Documents on Palestine, reproduces the texts of a number of letters, treaties and agreements that have arisen from the Arab-Israeli dispute, and illustrates a number of these with maps. Fourthly, a series of profiles of the most prominent political figures in Arab-Israeli relations in the period concerned permits the reader to understand the personalities involved. Lastly, a bibliography provides further reading on the subject and closely related topics.
At a time when the prospect of a durable peace in the region appears more remote than for some years, and references are frequently made to earlier events in the history of Arab-Israeli Relations, it is hoped that this book will prove a significant and impartial addition to the body of published material on the subject.
April 2002
Acknowledgements
The editors gratefully acknowledge the interest, co-operation and advice of all who have contributed to this volume. In particular we would like to thank the Foundation for Middle East Peace for use of the map on p. 345 and the Israeli embassy in London for the maps on pp. 283.
List of Maps
Abbreviations
Adm. | Admiral |
a.m. | ante meridiem (before noon) |
Brig. | Brigadier |
c. | circa |
Cdre | Commodore |
CIA | Central Intelligence Agency |
Col | Colonel |
Dr | Doctor |
EC | European Communities |
EEC | European Economic Community |
EU | European Union |
etc. | et cetera |
GCC | Gulf Co-operation Council |
Gen. | General |
HM | His (or Her) Majesty |
IDF | Israeli Defence Force |
kg | kilogram(s) |
km | kilometre(s) |
Lt | Lieutenant |
m. | million |
Maj. | Major |
Mgr | Monsignor |
NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
OIC | Organization of the Islamic Conference |
PFLP | Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine |
PLC | Palestinian Legislative Council |
PLO | Palestine Liberation Organization |
PNA | Palestinian National Authority |
PRC | Popular Resistance Committee |
Prof. | Professor |
SLA | South Lebanon Army |
St | Saint |
UN | United Nations |
UNHCR | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees |
US | United States |
USA | United States of America |
USS | United States Ship |
USSR | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics |
WZO | World Zionist Organization |
A Chronology of Arab-Israeli Relations 1947 2001
194647: The territory of Palestine, administered under a Mandate by the United Kingdom since 1920 (the terms of the Mandate having been approved by the League of Nations, the precursor organization to the UN, in 1922) witnessed intercommunal violence between Arab and Jewish groups.
April 1946: A joint British-US Committee of Inquiry recommended the admission into Palestine of some 100,000 European Jewish refugees, the lifting of restrictions on Jewish purchases of land within the Mandated territory and the eventual creation of a binational state with the UN as guarantor.
2 April 1947: The United Kingdom referred its Palestinian Mandate to the UN.
15 May 1947: The UN General Assembly voted to create a Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP), which subsequently recommended the partition of Palestine into two states.
18 July 1947: British forces intercepted the Exodus, a ship carrying some 4,500 European Jewish refugees to Palestine and forced the refugees to return to France.
31 August 1947: The UN General Assembly proposed two plans concerning the future of Palestine: a majority plan for the partition of the territory into two states, one Jewish and one Arab, with economic union; and a minority plan for a federal state.
29 November 1947: The UN General Assembly adopted the majority plan for Palestine.
13 May 1948: A provisional Israeli Government was formed in Tel-Aviv, with David Ben-Gurion as Prime Minister.
14 May 1948: The British Mandate for Palestine was terminated. The State of Israel was officially declared in Palestine by the Jewish authorities; it was granted immediate recognition by the USA and the USSR.
15 May 1948: Troops of the Transjordanian Army, the Arab Legion, Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon and Syria attacked Israel.
20 May 1948: The UN appointed Count Folke Bernadotte of Wisborg to mediate between Israel and the Arab States.
28 May 1948: The Israeli Defence Force (IDF) was created.
June 1948: A brief cease-fire between Israel and the Arab states was brokered by Bernadotte; a second such truce was arranged the following month.