DOCUMENTS ON SOVIET JEWISH EMIGRATION
The Cummings Center for Russian and East European Studies
The Cummings Center Series
DOCUMENTS ON SOVIET JEWISH EMIGRATION
Boris Morozov
| THE CUMMINGS CENTER FOR RUSSIAN AND EAST EUROPEAN STUDIES |
TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY |
The Cummings Center is Tel Aviv University's main framework for research, study, documentation and publication relating to the history and current affairs of Russia, the former Soviet republics and Eastern Europe. The Center is committed to pursuing projects which make use of fresh archival sources and to promoting a dialogue with Russian academic circles through joint research, seminars and publications.
THE CUMMINGS CENTER SERIES
The titles published in this series are the product of original research by the Center's faculty, research staff and associated fellows. The Cummings Center Series also serves as a forum for publishing declassified Russian archival material of interest to scholars in the fields of history and political science.
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Gabriel Gorodetsky
EDITORIAL BOARD
Michael Confino
Shimon Naveh
Yaacov Ro'i
Nurit Schleifman
MANAGING EDITOR
Deena Leventer
THE AGMON PROJECT FOR THE STUDY OF SOVIET JEWRY
Institute for Research in the History of Zionism | Cummings Center for Russian and East European Studies |
Editorial Board
Prof. Yaacov Ro'i, Director and Academic Advisor
Prof. Yosef Gorny
Prof. Gabriel Gorodetsky
Dr. Shimon Naveh
Prof. Anita Shapira
DOCUMENTS ON SOVIET JEWISH EMIGRATION
BORIS MOROZOV
FRANK CASS
LONDON PORTLAND, OR
First published in 1999 in Great Britain by
FRANK CASS PUBLISHERS
Newbury House
900 Eastern Avenue
London, 1G2 7HH
and in the United States of America by
FRANK CASS PUBLISHERS
c/o ISBS, 5804 N.E. Hassalo Street
Portland, Oregon 97213-3644
Website www.frankcass.com
Copyright 1999 Cummings Center
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication-Data:
Documents on Soviet Jewish emigration. (The Cummings
Center series)
1. Jews Soviet Union Migrations History 20th century Sources 2. Soviet Union Emigration and immigration History 20th century Sources 3. Soviet Union Emigration and immigration - Government policy History 20th century Sources
I. Morozov, Boris
325.2089924047
ISBN 0-7146-4911-2 (cloth)
ISSN 1365-3733
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
Documents on Soviet Jewish emigration / [edited by] Boris Morozov.
p. cm. (Cummings Center series)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-7146-4911-2 (cloth)
1. Jews Soviet Union Migrations History Sources. 2. Soviet Union Emigration and immigration History Sources. 3. Refuseniks. 4. Zionism Soviet Union History Sources. I. Morozov, Boris.
II. Series.
DS135.R92D58 1999
305.8924047 dc21 98-52748
CIP
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Frank Cass and Company Limited.
Typeset by Marty Bokel, Tel Aviv, Israel
Printed in Great Britain by
Bookcraft (Bath) Ltd, Midsomer Norton, Somerset
Contents
The Challenge of Zionist Ideology, 195768
Documents 113
Mass Emigration: Context and Impact, 197078
Documents 1466
A New Phase in Emigration Policy, 198083
Documents 6774
An End to Restrictions
Document 75
The publication of this book would not have been possible without the generous donation of the Agmon family, in memory of the late Avraham Agmon. The present work is part of an extensive project which was established by Avraham Agmon in order to study and document the struggle of Soviet Jews for emigration to Israel.
I am grateful to Prof. Yaacov Ro'i, whose invaluable suggestions assisted me enormously in every phase of my work, from selecting documents to writing the commentaries. Prof. Gabriel Gorodetsky, offered organizational and scientific support, without which the project could never have been realized.
I would also like to express my gratitude to Russian archivists Nataliia Tomilina and Mikhail Prozumenshchikov, who helped me navigate the TsKhSD; Rosa Gorelik of the Zionist Forum; Nehemia Levanon; former refuseniks Hillel Butman, Viktor Brailovskii, Vladimir Prestin and Vladimir and Maria Slepak; and Beryl Belsky and Deena Leventer for their patience and unstinting cooperation in resolving problems which arose in the process of editing and preparing the manuscript for publication.
ARCHIVES
GARF | Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii State Archive of the Russian Federation |
RTsKhIDNI | Rossiiskii tsentr khraneniia i izucheniia dokumentov noveishei istorii Russian Centre for the Preservation and Study of Documents of Contemporary History |
TsKhSD | Tsentr khraneniia sovremennoi dokumentatsii Centre for the Preservation of Contemporary Documentation |
f. | fond collection |
op. | opis' inventory |
d. | delo file |
ed. khr. | edinitsa khraneniia file, synonymous with delo |
p. | papka folder |
l. | list, pi. listy page |
INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS
APN | Agentstvo pechati Novosti Novosti Press Agency |
AUCCTU | All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions |
AUCP(B) | All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) |
CC | Central Committee (of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union) |
CCSCZ | Commission for the Coordination of Scholarly Criticism of Zionism |
CP | Communist Party |
CPGB | Communist Party of Great Britain |
CPSU | Communist Party of the Soviet Union |
GUVD | Glavnoe upravlenie vnutrennikh del Chief Directorate of the Interior |
ICP | Italian Communist Party |
JCP | Jordanian Communist Party |
JAFC | Jewish Anti-Facist Committee |
JTA | Jewish Telegraph Agency |
KGB | Committee for State Security |
NDP | New Democratic Party (Canada) |
NLA | National Labour Alliance |
OVIR | Otdel viz i registratsii Department of Visas and Registration |
SALT | Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty |
TASS | Telegrafnoe agentstvo Sovetskogo Soiuza Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union |
UJA | United Jewish Appeal |
USFS |