Vaccinations and Public Concern in History
Routledge Studies in the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
1 Technological Change
Methods and Themes in the History of Technology
Edited by Robert Fox
2 Technology Transfer out of Germany after 1945
Edited by Matthias Judt and Burghard Ciesla
3 Entomology, Ecology and Agriculture
The Making of Scientifi c Careers in North America, 18851985
Paolo Palladino
4 The Historiography of Contemporary Science and Technology
Edited by Thomas Sderquist
5 Science and Spectacle
The Work of Jodrell Bank in Post-War British culture
Jon Agar
6 Molecularizing Biology and Medicine
New Practices and Alliances, 1910s1970s
Edited by Soraya de Chadarevian and Harmke Kamminga
7 Cold War, Hot Science
Applied Research in Britains Defence Laboratories 19451990
Edited by Robert Bud and Philip Gammett
8 Planning Armageddon
Britain, the United State and the Command of Western Nuclear Forces 19451964
Stephen Twigge and Len Scott
9 Cultures of Control
Edited by Miriam R. Levin
10 Science, Cold War and the American State
Lloyd V. Berkner and the Balance of Professional Ideals Alan A. Needell
11 Reconsidering Sputnik
Forty Years Since the Soviet Satellite
Edited by Roger D. Launius
12 Crossing Boundaries, Building Bridges
Comparing the History of Women engineers, 1870s1990s
Edited by Annie Canel, Ruth Oldenziel and Karin Zachmann
13 Changing Images in Mathematics
From the French revolution to the New Millennium
Edited by Umberto Bottazzini and Amy Dahan Dalmedico
14 Heredity and Infection
The History of Disease Transmission
Edited by Jean-Paul Gaudilliere and Llana Lwy
15 The Analogue Alternative
The Electric Analogue Computer in Britain and the USA, 19301975
James S. Small
16 Instruments, Travel and Science
Itineraries of Precision from the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Century
Edited by Marie-Nolle Bourguet, Christian Licoppe and H. Otto Sibum
17 The Fight against Cancer
France, 18901940
Patrice Pinell
18 Collaboration in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Changing relationships in Britain and France, 19351965
Viviane Quirke
19 Classical Genetic Research and Its Legacy
The Mapping Cultures of Twentieth-Century Genetics
Edited by Hans-Jrg Rheinberger and Jean-Paul Gaudillire
20 From Molecular Genetics to Genomics
The Mapping Cultures of Twentieth-Century Genetics
Edited by Jean-Paul Gaudillire and Hans-Jrg Rheinberger
21 Interferon
The Science and Selling of a Miracle Drug
Toine Pieters
22 Measurement and Statistics in Science and Technology
1930 to the Present
Benot Godin
23 The Historiography of Science, Technology and Medicine
Writing Recent Science
Edited by Ron Doel and Thomas Sderqvist
24 International Science between the World Wars
The Case of Genetics
Nikolai Krementsov
25 The Social Construction of Disease
From Scrapie to Prion
Kiheung Kim
26 Public Understanding of Science
A History of Communicating Scientifi c Ideas
David Knight
27 Global Science and National Sovereignty
Studies in Historical Sociology of Science
Edited by Grgoire Mallard, Catherine Paradeise and Ashveen Peerbaye
28 Vaccinations and Public Concern in History
Legend, Rumor, and Risk Perception
Andrea Kitta
Also published by Routledge in hardback and paperback:
Science and Ideology
A Comparative History
Mark Walker
Vaccinations and Public Concern in History
Legend, Rumor, and Risk Perception
Andrea Kitta
First published 2012
by Routledge
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Simultaneously published in the UK
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
2012 Taylor & Francis
The right of Andrea Kitta to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Typeset in Sabon by IBT Global.
Printed and bound in the United States of America on acid-free paper by IBT Global.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
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Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Kitta, Andrea, 1977
Vaccinations and public concern in history : legend, rumor, and risk perception / by Andrea Kitta.
p. cm. (Routledge studies in the history of science, technology, and medicine ; 28)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. VaccinationComplications. 2. Health
attitudes. 3. VaccinationHistory. I. Title. II. Series: Routledge
studies in the history of science, technology, and medicine ; 28.
RA638.K58 2011
614.4'7dc23
2011022851
ISBN13: 978-0-415-88703-8 (hbk)
ISBN13: 978-0-203-15407-6 (ebk)
Acknowledgments
There are many people to which I am indebted, many of whom will likely have been forgotten in this section. As with any major work, I was influenced by everything I encountered since the day I was inspired to write on vaccination after seeing yet another news report on MMR and autism. Although many of these small insights have been forgotten over time, I would like to think that there is a part of all of them, and a part of everyone, in this work.
I would first like to thank all of those who were willing to share their stories with me, be they on the Internet or in person. Special thanks to Think Twice Global Vaccine Institute and all the others who wished to remain anonymous for allowing me to reprint your stories. Thank you for putting your trust in me to tell your experiences.
I would like to thank all of the people involved in the early stages of this research, especially, Diane Goldstein, Paul Smith, Sally Peterson, Holly Everett, Jim Connor, David Allison, and Rick Cooper. I would also like to thank the Department of Folklore at Memorial University of Newfoundland, the Newfoundland and Labrador Applied Health Centre, and the Department of Pediatrics at Memorial University of Newfoundland.
I would also like to thank my colleagues for passing along information and helping out in any way they could. Jodi McDavid, Ian Brodie, Lynne McNeill, Lynda Daneliuk, Ginny Fugarino, Jennifer Thorburn, and Jon Lee all deserve my thanks. As many who have gone before me have learned, writing is something you cannot do alone. I was fortunate enough to have the Writing Girls: Shana, Sophia, Robin, and Kathryn, and the Femidemics: Anna, Amanda, Marianne, and Marame, and friends, Lisa, Olga, and Teal. I would also like to thank those associated with Routledge, especially Laura Stearns and Stacy Noto, and Michael Watters of Integrated Book Technology, for their patience. Lastly I would like to thank my family, especially my mother, Sharon Kitta, and my husband, Craig Brown.