Arthur K. Britton - Life in the Wild West

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Table of Contents

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Life in the WILD WEST

Arthur K. Britton

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HAT YOU DIDNT KNOW ABOUT HISTORY W

Life in the

WILD WEST

By Arthur K. Britton

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Please visit our website, www. garethstevens. com. For a free color catalog of all our high-quality books, call toll free 1-800-542-2595 or fax 1-877-542-2596.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Britton, Arthur K. Life in the wild West / Arthur K. Britton. p. cm. ( What you didnt know about history) Includes index. ISBN 978-1-4339-8440-2 ( pbk. ) ISBN 978-1-4339-8441-9 ( 6-pack) ISBN 978-1-4339-8439-6 ( library binding) West ( U. S. ) History Juvenile literature. Frontier and pioneer life West ( U. S. ) Juvenile literature. I. Title. F591. B8525 2013 dc23 2012022059

First Edition

Published in 2013 by Gareth Stevens Publishing East 14th Street, Suite New York, NY 10003

Copyright 2013 Gareth Stevens Publishing

Designer: Dan Hosek and Michael J. Flynn Editor: Kristen Rajczak

Photo credits: Cover, pp. 1, Superstock/Getty Images; p. Pictorial Parade/ Archive Photos/Getty Images; pp. 9, Buyenlarge/Archive Photos/Getty Images; p. Transcendental Graphics/Archive Photos/Getty Images; p. ( main) Hulton Archive/ Getty Images; p. ( Billy the Kid) http: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Billy_the_Kid_ tintype, _Fort_Sumner, _1879-80-Edit2. jpg; p. Archive Photos/Moviepix/Getty Images; p. aragami12345s/Shutterstock. com.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer.

Printed in the United States of America

CPSIA compliance information: Batch #CW13GS: For further information contact Gareth Stevens, New York, New York at 1-800-542-2595.

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ONTENTS C

Wild Tales

Where and When

Cowboys

Ranch Life

Cattle Drives

Outlaws

Lawmen

Native Americans

Making Up the Wild West

Glossary

For More Information

Index

Words in the glossary appear in bold type the rst time they are used in the text

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W ILD TALES

What do you think of when you hear the words Wild West? You likely imagine a lively time and place lled with cowboys, Indians, and gunghts between outlaws and lawmen. Danger waited around every corner. Something was always happening. Life was never dull or boring. It was wild!

Thats the picture painted by movies, TV shows, and books. But the truth doesnt always match the stories. What was it really like to live in the Wild West? Keep reading to nd out!

Did You Know?

In 1856, the US military brought camels to the West! The camels were used to pull heavy loads. They did this well, but they were sold in the 1860s. Wild camels were spotted for years afterward.

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There was more to life in the Wild West than just gunghts.

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W HERE AND WHEN

The Wild West was in the West, of course. But what part of the United States was considered the West? Some people say its the western half of the country. Others say it covers two-thirds of the country from the Mississippi River to the Pacic Ocean!

What time period do we mean when we talk about the Wild West? Most people say it started around 1850 and ended around 1900. Some even believe it continued until about 1920.

Did You Know?

Wild West outlaws were still robbing stagecoaches until 1916. The famous Wild West lawman Wyatt Earp lived until 1929.

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While the Wild West calls to mind cowboys, many people went west to settle and farm, too.

Wyatt Earp

Wild West

Mississippi River

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C OWBOYS

The cowboy may be the best-known symbol of the Wild West. Stories present the cowboy as a brave, strong hero. And cowboys had to be brave and strong their work was hard and dangerous.

In stories, cowboys are usually white men. In real life, many cowboys were Native American, African American, and Mexican. Mexican cowboys were called vaqueros (vah-KEHR-ohz). American cowboys learned much of what they needed to know from the vaqueros. They copied the vaqueros equipment and language.

Did You Know? The famous cowboy Nat Love was born a slave in Tennessee in 1854. He wrote a book about his life, titled The Life and Adventures of Nat Love, that was printed in 1907.

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The cowboy hat came from the sombrero worn by vaqueros. Buckaroo, another name for a cowboy, came from vaquero.

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R ANCH LIFE

Cowboys worked from sunrise to sunset almost every day. They cared for sick and hurt cattle, helped cows have their babies, and searched for lost cattle. They made and mended equipment. Cowboys didnt do much for fun at the end of the day. They were so tired from work that they went to bed early.

Ranch life was lonely since ranches were far from towns. Doctors were also far away, so sick or hurt cowboys had to be their own doctor.

Did You Know? About the only way a woman could be a cowboy was to wear mens clothing and pretend to be a man. But women on family ranches often did a cowboys work.

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From riding in a saddle all day to the house they slept in, a cowboys life wasnt very comfortable.

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