The Global Seven Years War 17541763
In this new edition of The Global Seven Years War, Daniel Baugh emphasizes the ways that sea power hindered French military preparations while also furnishing strategic opportunities. Special attention is paid to undertakings always French that failed to receive needed financial support.
From analysis of original sources, the volume provides stronger evidence for the role and wishes of Louis XV in determining the main outline of strategy. By 1758, the French government experienced significant money shortage, and emphasis has been placed on the most important consequences: how this impacted war-making and why it was so worrying, debilitating and difficult to solve. This edition explains why the Battle of Rossbach in 1757 was a turning point in the Anglo-French War, suggesting that Prince Ferdinand of Brunswicks winter campaign revitalized the British war effort which was, before that time, a record of failures. With comprehensive discussion of events outside of Europe, the volume sets the conflict on a world stage.
One of the worlds leading naval historians, Baugh offers a detailed, evaluative and insightful narrative that makes this edition essential reading for students and scholars interested in military history, naval history, Anglo-French relations and the history of eighteenth-century Europe.
Daniel Baugh is Professor Emeritus of History, Cornell University. Born in Philadelphia, he received his Ph.D. from Cambridge University and is author of British Naval Administration in the Age of Walpole (1965). In 2011 he received the National Maritime Museums Caird Medal.
Modern Wars in Perspective
This ambitious series offers wide-ranging studies of specific wars, and distinct phases of warfare, from the close of the Middle Ages to the present day. It aims to advance the current integration of military history into the academic mainstream. To that end, the books are not merely traditional campaign narratives, but examine the causes, course and consequences of major conflicts, in their full international political, social and ideological contexts.
Also in the Series:
The War of American Independence: 17751783
R. Middleton
The Italian Wars, 14941559
War, State and Society in Early Modern Europe
Michael Mallett and Christine Shaw
The Dutch Wars of Independence
Warfare and Commerce in the Netherlands 15701680
Marjolein t Hart
The Italian Wars, 14941559
War, State and Society in Early Modern Europe
Christine Shaw, Michael Mallett
The Wars of Napoleon
Charles J. Esdaile
The Global Seven Year War, 17541763
Britain and France in a Great Power Contest
Daniel Baugh (second edition 2021)
For more information about this series, please visit www.routledge.com/series/
Second edition published 2021
by Routledge
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
2021 Daniel Baugh
The right of Daniel Baugh to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
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First edition published by Pearson Education Limited 2011
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Baugh, Daniel A., author.
Title: The global Seven Years War, 17541763 : Britain and France in a great power contest / Daniel Baugh.
Other titles: Britain and France in a great power contest
Description: Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021. | Series: Modern wars in perspective | First edition published by Pearson Education Limited 2011. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020056148 |
Subjects: LCSH: Anglo-French War, 17551763. | Seven Years War, 17561763. | United StatesHistoryFrench and Indian War, 17541763. | Great BritainForeign relationsFrance. | FranceForeign relationsGreat Britain. | Great Britain Foreign relations 17141837. | FranceForeign relations17151774. | Great powersHistory18th century. | Great BritainHistory, Naval18th century. | FranceHistory, Naval18th century.
Classification: LCC DA500 .B38 2021 | DDC 940.2/534dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020056148
ISBN: 978-1-138-21281-7 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-138-21282-4 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-16454-8 (ebk)
Typeset in Sabon
by Apex CoVantage, LLC
The original plan and purpose of the book was to offer a history that maintains a sense of the wars chronology despite the inherent problem that global wars involve concurrent campaigns. That purpose has not been altered, though in a few places topics have been rearranged for the sake of clarity. The movement of supplies to where they were needed, especially for land forces in North America, continues to be regarded as a significant problem. Similarly emphasized are the many ways that sea power hindered French military preparations while also furnishing strategic opportunities for Britain. The choices of strategy, especially those that had a profound impact on the outcome of the war, are examined closely. Finally, in this edition, special attention is also paid to undertakings almost always French that failed to receive required financial support.
From the beginning, the plan was to examine both sides. The reader will find that, thanks to some newly recognized original sources, perspectives on the French side have been amplified and improved. Regrettably, this work does not fully reflect some recent findings of American colonial historians, partly because I failed to develop an efficient method for discovering studies that would be most helpful but also because the publisher asked me to make this edition a bit shorter, a reasonable request.
Three particular modifications to the 2011 edition should be noticed.
That edition failed to make sufficiently clear that Louis XV made the foreign policy and strategic decisions which had the greatest impact on the wars outcome. It is not a trivial point. In 1756, the king adopted a war plan that devoted nearly all of Frances resources to the tasks of occupying Hanover and threatening Prussia from the west. He allowed the plan to be suddenly changed in a way that responded to Austrias goals and for which the French army was not ready. The results were disastrous. Thus, instead of dealing energetically with British power, France spent over two years fighting mainly in central Europe and northwestern Germany. After this, it was too late to defend North America and Caribbean possessions effectively.