Paul Christesen - A Cultural History of Sport in Antiquity

A Cultural History of Sport

General Editors: Wray Vamplew, John McClelland, and Mark Dyreson

Volume 1

A Cultural History of Sport in Antiquity

Edited by Paul Christesen and Charles Stocking

Volume 2

A Cultural History of Sport in the Medieval Age

Edited by Noel Fallows

Volume 3

A Cultural History of Sport in the Renaissance

Edited by Alessandro Arcangeli

Volume 4

A Cultural History of Sport in the Age of Enlightenment

Edited by Rebekka von Mallinckrodt

Volume 5

A Cultural History of Sport in the Age of Industry

Edited by Mike Huggins

Volume 6

A Cultural History of Sport in the Modern Age

Edited by Steven Riess

1. Introduction
   Paul Christesen and Charles Stocking
2. 1 The Purpose of Sport
   Paul Christesen and Rose MacLean
3. 2 Sporting Time and Sporting Space
   Sofie Remijsen
4. 3 Products, Training, and Technology
   Christian Mann
5. 4 Rules and Order
   Sarah C. Murray
6. 5 Conflict and Accommodation
   Zinon Papakonstantinou
7. 6 Segregation, Inclusion, and Exclusion
   Peter J. Miller
8. 7 Minds, Bodies, and Identities
   Charles Stocking
9. 8 Representation
   Nigel Spivey

Plan of the gymnasium at Delphi

Athenian red-figure krater by Euphronius, c. 500 BCE , found at Capua

Bronze statuette of two wrestlers, secondfirst century BCE , found in Egypt (probably Alexandria)

Drawing of the reconstructed starting gate (hysplx) at the stadium at Nemea

Drawing showing the starting mechanism in the hippodrome of Olympia

Stone jumping weight (haltr), c. 500 BCE , from Olympia

Bronze strigil, found at Olympia

Roman copy in marble of a bronze original by Lysippos (c. 330 BCE ), found at Rome

Athenian black-figure Panathenaic amphora attributed to the Berlin Painter, c. 480 BCE

Marble statuette of an athlete, secondthird century CE , from Roman York (Eboracum)

Marble statue of the Diadoumenos type (partially restored), mid-first century CE , after a bronze original by Polykleitos c. 430 BCE

Detail of a marble metope from the Temple of Zeus at Olympia, c. 460 BCE . Heracles takes the weight of the heavens while Atlas fetches the Apples of the Hesperides; Athena assists

Sandstone relief of Hercules from the sanctuary of Hercules Salutaris at Deneuve (Meurthe-et-Moselle), second-third centuries CE

Detail of an Etruscan black-figure amphora attributed to the Micali Painter, c. 510500 BCE , found at Vulci in Italy

Official poster of the London Olympics, 1948, designed by Walter Herz

Fragment of an Athenian black-figure dinos signed by Sophilos, c. 58070 BCE , found at Pharsalus (Palaikastro, in Thessaly)

The Discobolus (Discus-thrower): marble statue probably created in the first century CE , after a bronze original made by Myron in the mid-fifth century BCE

Scene of hoplitodromia, racing in armor, upon an Athenian red-figure kylix attributed to the Dokimasia Painter, c. 500 BCE , found at Vulci in Italy

Ball-players shown on a mosaic in the Villa del Casale (Piazza Armerina, Sicily), fourth century CE

Detail of an Athenian red-figure stamnos signed by Smikros, c. 510 BCE , found in southern Italy

Drawing from an Athenian red-figure amphora by Euthymides, c. 510 BCE , found at Vulci in southern Italy

Drawing of an Athenian red-figure psykter (wine-cooler) by Euthymides, c. 510 BCE , found in Etruria

Athenian red-figure stamnos attributed to the Polygnotan Group, c. 440430 BCE , found at Vico Equense in Italy

Detail of a marble votive relief from the Piraeus, Athens, early fourth century BCE

Bronze figure of a victorious runner, first century BCE , found in the harbor of Aeolic Kyme (near modern Aliaga, Turkey)

Panathenaic prize-amphora attributed to the Euphiletos Painter, c. 530 BCE , found at Vulci in Italy

Detail of a chariot-racing team from a marble altar in the sanctuary of Eshmun at Bostan-esh-Sheikh (Lebanon), fourth century BCE

Athenian red-figured kylix attributed to the Carpenter Painter, c. 510500 BCE

Kritios Boy (or Kritian Boy: the title derives from a perceived likeness to the style of a sculptor called Kritios, and an age estimate of about fifteen years old); marble figure from the Acropolis in Athens, c. 480 BCE

Fragment of a marble stl representing a boxer from the Kerameikos in Athens, mid-sixth century BCE

Seated Boxer (also known as the Terme Boxer): bronze statue found on the west slope of Romes Quirinal hill

Detail of the Seated Boxer

Detail of a Lucanian painted tomb (south slab of Tomb X, Laghetto cemetery), mid-fourth century BCE

Detail of a mosaic from the Roman villa at Torrenova (Via Casilina) near Rome, early fourth century CE

Marble relief from Halicarnassus in Asia Minor commemorating the honorable discharge given to two female gladiators, firstsecond century CE

A Cultural History of Sport is a six-volume series reviewing the evolution of both the internal practices of sport from remote Antiquity to the present and the ways and degrees to which sport has reflectedand been integrated intocontemporary cultural criteria. All of the volumes are constructed in the same pattern, with an initial chapter outlining the purposes of sport during the time frame to which the volume is devoted. Seven chapters, each written by a specialist of the period, then deal in turn with time and space, equipment and technology, rules and order, conflict and accommodation, inclusion and segregation, athletes and identities, and representation. The reader therefore has the choice between synchronic and diachronic approaches, between concentrating on the diverse facets of sport in a single historical period, and exploring one or more of those facets as they evolved over time and became concretized in the practices and relations of the twenty-first century.

The six volumes cover the topic as follows:

Volume 1: A Cultural History of Sport in Antiquity (600 BCE 500 CE )

Volume 2: A Cultural History of Sport in the Middle Ages (5001450)

Volume 3: A Cultural History of Sport in the Early Modern Period (14501650)

Volume 4: A Cultural History of Sport in the Age of Enlightenment (16501800)

Volume 5: A Cultural History of Sport in the Age of Industry (18001920)

Volume 6: A Cultural History of Sport in the Modern Age (1920present)

General Editors:
Wray Vamplew, Emeritus Professor of Sports History, University of Stirling,
UK, and Global Professorial Fellow, University of Edinburgh, UKJohn McClelland, Professor Emeritus of French Literature and Sport History,
University of Toronto, Canada.
Mark Dyreson, Professor of Kinesiology, Affiliate Professor of History, and
Director of Research and Educational Programs for the Center for the Study
of Sports and Society, Pennsylvania State University, USA

The time span covered in this volume is habitually divided into the following periods (with the important caveat that scholars frequently supply slightly different dates for many of these periods):