Michelin Cie - The Somme, Volume 2. The Second Battle of the Somme (1918)

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Dust Cover.

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ILLUSTRATED MICHELIN GUIDES
TO THE BATTLE-FIELDS (1914-1918)

THE
SOMME

VOLUME 2.
THE SECOND BATTLE OF THE SOMME
(1918)
(AMIENS, MONTDIDIER, COMPIGNE)

MICHELIN & C IE CLERMONT-FERRAND.
MICHELIN TYRE C O L TD 81, FULHAM ROAD, LONDON, S. W
MICHELIN TIRE C O MILLTOWN. N.J. U.S.A.

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Advert for Hotels in Amiens and Compigne.

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HOTELS

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AMIENS

Htel du Rhin, 4, rue de Noyon. Tel. 44.
Belfort-Htel, 42, rue de Noyon. Tel. 649.
Htel de l'Univers, 2, rue de Noyon. Tel. 2.51.
Htel de la Paix, 15, rue Dumril. Tel. 9.21.
Htel de l'Ecu de France, 51, place Ren-Goblet. Tel. 3.37.

COMPIGNE

Htel du Rond-Royal, av. Thiers. I Rond-Royal. Tel. 4.15.
Palace-Htel, place du Palais. I Palace, Tel. 1.15.
Htel de la Cloche, 27, place de l'Htel-de-Ville. Tel. 0.85.
Htel de Flandre, 2, rue d'Amiens. Tel. 36.

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The above information, extracted from the MICHELIN TOURIST GUIDE (1920), may no longer be exact when it meets the reader's eye. Tourists are therefore recommended to consult the MICHELIN TOURING OFFICES, 81, Fulham Rd., London. S.W. 3, or 99, Boulevard Pereire, Paris, 17e.

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AN INDISPENSABLE AUXILIARY:

Advert for The Michelin Map.

The Michelin Map

On sale
at booksellers
and
MICHELIN
stockists.

For the
present
GUIDE ,
take sheet
no.

MOTORISTS

this map
was made
specially
for you.

---

Advert for the Michelin Wheel.

The "Michelin Wheel"

BEST of all detachable wheels
because the least complicated

Smart

It embellishes even the finest coachwork.

Simple

It is detachable at the hub and fixed by six bolts only.

Strong

The only wheel which held out on all fronts during the War.

Practical

Can be replaced in 3 minutes by anybody and cleaned still quicker.

It prolongs the life of tyres by cooling them.

AND THE CHEAPEST

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In Memory
of the Michelin Workmen and Employees
who died gloriously for their Country.

THE
SOMME.
VOLUME II.
The Second Battle of the Somme
(1918)
AMIENSMONTDIDIERCOMPIGNE.

Motif.

Compiled and published by
MICHELIN & Cie. , Clermont-Ferrand, France.

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All rights of translation, adaptation or reproduction (in part or
whole) reserved in all countries

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The Front Line,
March 21, 1918.

Map of The Battlefield.

THE BATTLEFIELD.

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THE SECOND BATTLE OF THE SOMME.

At different periods during the War, important events took place in the Plains of Picardy, in the region which extends between Amiens and St. Quentin, Bapaume and Noyon, between the valleys of the rivers Ancre, Avre and Oise.

The Franco-British Offensive of July-September 1916, and the German Retreat of March 1917, are described in the Michelin Guide "The First Battle of the Somme, 1916-1917", which includes carefully prepared itineraries, enabling the reader to cover the whole battlefield of that period.

The present guide describes the operations which took place in Picardy in March-April 1918 (The German Offensive), and in August 1918 (The Franco-British Offensive); in a Word, the ebb and flow of the German Armies in 1918, from St. Quentin to Montdidier.

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THE BATTLEFIELD.

Driven from the banks of the Somme by the Franco-British Offensive of 1916, the Germans were compelled, in March 1917, to retreat, before the menace of the Allied offensives on their flank.

They then established themselves on the Hindenburg Line, and in 1917, in consequence of British attacks in the Arras sector and before Cambrai, they unceasingly increased the number of their fortified lines. This redoubtable position stretched to the west of the Cambrai-La Fre road, via Le Catelet and St. Quentin, utilising a series of natural obstacles, the most important of which were the Escaut, the St. Quentin Canal and the marshy valley of the Oise. (See the Michelin Guide "The Hindenburg Line".)

But in the early days of 1918, having crushed Russia, Germany decided to assume the offensive, using the Hindenburg positions as a kind of spring-board, from which her mighty armies rushed forward to conquer France.

In February 1918, the British positions extended in front of the Hindenburg Line, as far as the village of Barisis, opposite the Forest of St. Gobain, to the south of the Oise. Three successive positions, widely separated from one another, had been actively strengthened. Moreover, the water-lines of the marshy valley of the Oise, the Crozat Canal, the loop in the Somme, and the North Canal, formed so many natural obstacles.

The Picardian Plain, with its broad and gentle undulations, dotted here and there with small woods, is closed, on the south, near the valley of the Oise, by the wooded hills of Genlis, Frires and La Cave, and to the west of the bend in the Oise, by the hills of Porquericourt and the wooded massif of Le Plmont, with its promontory, Mount Renaud, to the south of Noyon. Further west, the high ground of Boulogne-la-Grasse does not close the Plain of Santerre, which, between the slopes of Le Plmont and Montdidier, communicates freely with the Plain of Ile-de-France. The enclosed and wooded valleys of the rivers Avre, Trois-Doms and Luce intersect the tablelands of Santerre. Further north, stretches the old battlefield of 1916,a chaotic waste of winding trenches and barbed wire entanglements.

In the Picardian Plain, beyond the bounds of the old battlefield, were numerous country villages, with their cottages grouped around the church. The long, straight roads, bordered with fine elms or fruit-trees, stretched as far as the eye could reach. This rich and prosperous region, with its vast fields of corn and beet, was completely ravaged by the War.

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General View of the Second Battle of the Somme (1918).
The German Offensive: Formation of the Montdidier Pocket(March 21-April 24.)

Maps

Maps

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The Allied Offensive: Reducing the Pocket as far as the Hindenburg Line
(August 8-September 25.).

Maps

Maps

In March 1918, the British and French Armies, under separate commands, opposed the furious attacks of numerically superior and more powerfully equipped enemy forces, grouped under the command of a single chief: Ludendorff.

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THE GERMAN OFFENSIVE OF MARCH 21.

The Opposing ForcesTheir Material and Moral Strength.

Towards the end of 1917, the abandonment of the Allies, by Russia, was consummated by the Russo-German Armistice of December 20, followed by the Peace of Brest-Litowsk, of February 9, 1918. As early as November 1917, Germany began to transfer her legions from the eastern to the western front. Arriving, via Belgium, in ever-increasing numbers, sixty-four new divisions were thus added to her Western Armies, already one hundred and forty-one divisions strong, giving a total strength of 205 German divisions against the Allies' 177 divisions.

The material resources, accumulated on the Russian front, were likewise transferred to the western front. The enemy's artillery was reinforced all along the line, the number of heavy batteries being doubled in many of the sectors.

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